宁波市2014—2021年学生食源性疾病流行特征和病原学分析

  目的  分析2014—2021年宁波市学生人群食源性疾病流行病学及病原学特征，为预防和控制学生人群食源性疾病提供科学依据。  方法  从浙江省食源性疾病监测系统收集2014—2021年在宁波市所有监测医院就诊的学生人群食源性疾病病例信息，并进行流行病学特征和病原学分析。  结果  共报告3 602例学生人群食源性疾病病例，其中男生占54.58%，女生占45.42%，18岁及以上年龄组为高发人群，发病时间主要呈现5—6和9—10月2个高峰。可疑食品以肉与肉制品占比最大(21.11%)，病原阳性检出率从高到低依次为诺如病毒11.20%、副溶血性弧菌3.30%、沙门菌1.77%、致泻大肠埃希菌1.30%和志贺菌0.18%。  结论  宁波市学生人群食源性疾病主要可疑食品以肉与肉制品为主，主要致病病原体为诺如病毒，需加强食品安全健康教育，强化食品安全监管。

Epidemiological characteristics and pathogen analysis of foodborne diseases among students in Ningbo during 2014-2021

  Objective  To analyze the epidemiological and pathogenic characteristics of foodborne diseases among students in Ningbo from 2014 to 2021, so as to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of foodborne diseases in schools.  Methods  Information on foodborne disease cases among students attending all surveillance hospitals in Ningbo from 2014 to 2021 was collected from the Foodborne Disease Surveillance System of Zhejiang Province, and epidemiological characteristics and pathogenic analysis were analyzed.  Results  A total of 3 602 cases of foodborne diseases in the student population were reported in Ningbo, of which 54.58% were males and 45.42% were females. Students aged 18 years and above accounted for the highest incidence group, and the incidence time mainly showed two peaks in May to June and September to October. Meat and meat products accounted for the largest proportion of suspicious foods (21.11%), and the positive pathogen detection rates were 11.20% for Norovirus, 3.30% for Vibrio parahaemolyticus, 1.77% for Salmonella, 1.30% for diarrheogenic Escherichia coli and 0.18% for Shigella.  Conclusion  The main suspect foods for foodborne diseases among students in Ningbo are primarily meat and meat products, and the main etiological agent is norovirus, which requires strengthening food safety health education and food safety management.