重庆市2012—2021年儿童青少年溺水死亡趋势分析

  目的  了解2012-2021年重庆市儿童青少年溺水死亡率及趋势变化, 为开展溺水干预提供建议。  方法  2012-2021年重庆市儿童青少年溺水死亡(ICD-10:W65.0~W74.9)个案信息来自于重庆市死因监测系统, 对不同性别、地区死亡率比较采用χ2检验, 死亡率的趋势分析采用年度变化百分比(annual percent of change, APC)表示。  结果  重庆市儿童青少年溺水死亡率与标化死亡率由2012年的9.57/10万、9.42/10万下降到2021年的2.80/10万、2.83/10万, APC分别为-13.15%, 13.06%(t值分别为10.93, 10.52, P值均 < 0.01)。2012-2021年男生溺水死亡率高于女生, 农村地区溺水死亡率高于城市(P值均 < 0.05)。0~4、5~9、10~14岁年龄组溺水死亡率分别以年均15.30%, 17.80%与11.40%下降, 变化趋势差异有统计学意义(APC分别为-15.30%, -17.80%, -11.40%, t值分别为11.11, 9.22, 5.62, P值均 < 0.05)。自然水域是发生溺水死亡的主要场所, 约占80%。  结论  重庆市儿童青少年溺水死亡率呈快速下降的趋势, 男性、农村儿童青少年、0~14岁儿童是溺水防控的重点人群, 应继续加强溺水的综合防控。

Trend of drowning mortality among children and adolescent in Chongqing, 2012-2021

  Objective  To analyze the trend change of the drowning mortality among children and adolescents in Chongqing, 2012-2021, and to provide suggestion for drowning prevention and control.  Methods  Drowning death cases (ICD-10:W65.0-W74.9) among children and adolescents in Chongqing from 2012 to 2021 were derived from Chongqing death registration system.The difference of the drowning mortality between male and female, urban and rural area were compared by Chi-square test.The trend change of the drowning mortality between 2012 and 2021 was analyzed by annual percent change (APC).  Results  The mortality and ASMR of drowning among children and adolescents decreased from 9.57/105, 9.42/105 in 2012 to 2.80/105, 2.83/105 in 2021 significantly (t=10.93, 10.52, P < 0.01).And its APC were-13.15% and 13.06% respectively.The drowning mortality in male was higher than that in female (P < 0.05).The drowning mortality in rural area was higher than that in urban area (P < 0.05).The mortality of drowning among children aged between 0 and 4 years old, 5 and 9 years old, 10 and 14 years old decreased by 15.30%, 17.80% and 11.40%(APC=-15.30%, -17.80%, -11.40%, t=11.11, 9.22, 5.62, P < 0.05).The proportion of drowning in natural water field among children and adolescents accounted for about 80%.  Conclusion  The mortality of drowning among children and adolescents in Chongqing decreases rapidly.Vulnerable population of drowning includes boys, rural children and adolescents, and children age of 0-14 years old.Comprehensive prevention for drowning should be carried out continuously.