铅、锌、镉联合染毒及营养干预致大鼠肝脏病理学变化分析

目的通过动物实验了解铅、锌、镉联合染毒及营养干预对大鼠肝脏病理学变化的影响,为探讨铅锌矿区人群营养干预措施提供理论依据。方法将实验大鼠按照设计分为对照组、染毒组和干预组,分别采用0.01ml/g·bw生理盐水、0.01ml/g·bw铅、锌、镉联合染毒液及119.1mg/kg·bw硫酸亚铁、474mg/kg·bw醋酸钙、14mg/kg·bw核黄素、450mg/kg·bw Vc营养干预液喂饲28d和56d,之后取动物肝脏,用显微镜观察其病理学改变。结果在实验期间,第1、第2阶段染毒组、干预组大鼠体质量增长分别为(32.0±6.3)、(40.9±6.5),(30.3±9.1)、(35.3±7.4)g,分别低于对照组(68.5±8.7)、(46.7±6.3)g,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。各组大鼠肝脏系数比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。对照组大鼠肝脏病理切片无明显改变;染毒组大鼠肝细胞水肿,肝索排列紊乱,肝小叶及汇管区有中性粒细胞及淋巴细胞浸润;干预组大鼠肝细胞水肿不明显,肝小叶及汇管区有少量炎性细胞浸润,可见点状坏死。结论铅、锌、镉联合染毒对大鼠肝脏尚未造成明显的器质性病变,但可能引起肝脏形态功能发生改变,综合营养干预对重金属元素染毒有一定的拮抗作用。

Study on pathological changes of rat liver induced by combined exposure of lead,zinc,cadmium and nutrition intervention

Objective In order to understand the impact of combined exposure of lead,zinc,cadmium and nutrition intervention on pathological changes of rat liver through animal experiments and to provide theoretical basis of nutrition intervention measures for the population in lead-zinc mine area.Methods Experiment rats were divided into three groups,i.e.the control group,exposure group and intervention group.The control group was fed with 0.01 ml/g·bw physiological saline.The exposure group was fed with 0.01 ml/g·bw lead zinc cadmium mixed solution.The intervention group was fed with lead zinc cadmium mixed solution and 119.1 mg/kg·bw FeSO4·7H2O solution,474 mg/kg·bw Ca(CH3COO)2·H2O solution,14 mg/kg·bw vitamin B2,and 450 mg/kg·bw VC nutrition intervention liquid.The rats were sacrificed after feeding 28 days and 56 days.The livers were collected,their tissues were inspected under microscope and the pathological changes were analyzed.Results Through the entire experiment period,the rat weight increase at the first phase and the second phase of exposure group and intervention group were 32.0±6.3 g,40.9±6.5 g,30.3±9.1 g,and 35.3±7.4 g respectively,they were lower than those of the control group(68.5±8.7 g and 46.7±6.3 g),differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The differences of the rat liver coefficients in each group had no statistical significance(P>0.05).There was no significant pathological change in rat livers of the control group.In the exposure group,cell edema,liver cords disorder,neutrophils and lymphocytic infiltration in hepatic lobule and portal area were found in rat livers.In the intervention group,cell edema was no obvious,only a few inflammatory cells infiltration was found in hepatic lobule and portal area,and spot-necrosis was seen.Conclusions Results show that liver has not yet been resulted in significant qualitative changes,however,morphological and functional changes of the liver might be found.The comprehensive nutrition intervention has some antagonistic effects on heavy metals exposure.