犬颅脑爆震伤后血液流变学变化实验研究

目的建立不同伤情颅脑爆震伤动物模型，探讨颅脑爆震伤后实验犬血液流变学变化。方法杂种雄性犬30只，随机分为：Ⅰ组（13mm，n=10），Ⅱ组（9mm，n=10）及Ⅲ组（5mm，n=10），用1gTNT当量的球型爆炸源置于距右颞顶部不同距离（13mm、9mm、5mm）对犬的颅脑部引爆致伤，制作轻、中、重型颅脑爆震伤动物模型，伤后0h、1h、6h、12h、24h抽血行全血粘度（ηb）、血浆粘度（ηp）、红细胞压积（HCT）、血小板、血沉（ESR）指标监测。结果犬爆震伤后，各组全血粘度、血浆粘度、红细胞压积、血沉指标均出现升高，而血小板计数（PLT）下降，各组指标与伤前比较有显著性差异（P〈0．01），重伤组与轻、中度伤组比较也有显著性变化（P〈0．05）。结论不同伤情的颅脑爆震伤模型均出现血液流变改变，且与伤情轻重密切相关。

Changes of blood rheology in early stage after explosive injury to dog brains

Objective To establish three types of animal models with explosive injury to dog brains according to their degrees of injury and observe the changes of blood rheology in early stage after explosive injury to dog brains. Methods Thirty mongrel male dogs were randomly divided into group Ⅰ （13 mm, n = 10）, group Ⅱ （9 mm, n = 10） and group Ⅲ[ （5 ram, n = 10）. A spherical explosive with explosive energy of lg TNT was used to detonate at different distances （13 mm, 9 mm, 5 mm） to dogs＇heads to induce the slight, moderate, and severe explosive injury to dog brains, respectively. Blood viscosity （ηb）, plasma viscosity （ηp）, hematocrit （HCT）, erythrocyte sedimentation rate （ESR）, and platelet count （PLT） were observed in each group at 0 h, 1 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h after explosion. Results ① Blood viscosity, plasma viscosity, henuatocrit, erythrocyte sedimentation rate were increased in three groups after explosive injury to clog brains, and there were significant differences in those indices of three groups between pre-injury and post-injury （P 〈0.01） ; there were also significant differences in those indices in severe injury group compared with moderate and slight injury groups （P 〈0.05）. ②The number of platelet count （PLT） was decreased in three groups after explosive injury to dog brains compared with pre-injury （P 〈0.05）. Conclusion There are temporary changes in blood rheology in early stage after explosive injury to dog brains, which are closely related with the degrees of explosive injury.