寰枢椎椎弓根螺钉技术治疗陈旧性齿状突骨折并寰枢椎失稳

目的 探讨后路寰枢椎椎弓根钉技术治疗陈旧性齿状突骨折并寰枢椎失稳的疗效.方法 2005年1月-2010年1月,对48例陈旧性齿状突骨折并寰枢椎失稳患者行后路寰枢椎椎弓根钉复位固定,其中男30例,女18例;年龄19～56岁,平均45.1岁.本组术前均行颅骨牵引.结果 本组48例患者共置入寰椎和枢椎椎弓根螺钉各96枚,寰枢椎复位满意,术中无脊髓损伤.术中出血250～900 ml,平均370 ml,手术时间110～280 min,平均155 min.术中3例出现椎动脉损伤,3例出现寰椎后弓下壁破裂.术后均获随访9～64个月,平均46.6个月.所有患者均在术后6个月获得骨性融合,未发现螺钉松动、移位、螺钉断裂和寰枢椎再移位、失稳现象.日本骨科学会(JOA)评分由术前的(7.1±2.8)分改善至术后的(13.3±2.1)分(P＜0.05).结论 寰枢椎椎弓根螺钉内固定技术具有良好的复位效果,为寰枢椎不稳患者治疗提供了一种较好的内固定术式.

Abstract：

Objective To explore the clinical effect of the trans-atlantoaxial pedicle screw-rod internal fixation and fusion in treatment of old odontoid fracture combined with atlantoaxial instability.Methods The study involved 48 patients with old odontoid fractures combined with atlantoaxial instability treated with trans-atlantoaxial pedicle screw-rod internal fixation and fusion from January 2005 to January 2010.There were 30 males and 18 females,at average age of 45.1 years old(19-56 years).All the patients underwent the skull traction preoperatively.Results A total of 192 pedicle screws(96 screws for the atlas and another 96 for the axis)were implanted in all the 48 patients who obtained satisfactory atlantoaxial reduction,with no spinal cord injuries.The operation lasted for average 155 min,with blood loss for average 370 ml.There were three patients with vertebral artery injury and three with inferior posterior arch fracture of the atlas during operation.All the patients were followed up for average of 46.6 months(range,9-64 months),which showed bone fusion at 6 months after operation,with no loosening,displacement,instability or breakage of the screws.The JOA score was improved from preoperative 7.1 ±2.8 to postoperative 13.3 ± 2.1(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Atlantoaxial pedicle screw fixation is a reliable and effective method for the treatment of the atlantoaxial instability.

Atlantoaxial pedicle screw fixation for old odontoid fracture combined with atlantoaxial instability

Objective To explore the clinical effect of the trans-atlantoaxial pedicle screw-rod internal fixation and fusion in treatment of old odontoid fracture combined with atlantoaxial instability.Methods The study involved 48 patients with old odontoid fractures combined with atlantoaxial instability treated with trans-atlantoaxial pedicle screw-rod internal fixation and fusion from January 2005 to January 2010.There were 30 males and 18 females,at average age of 45.1 years old(19-56 years).All the patients underwent the skull traction preoperatively.Results A total of 192 pedicle screws(96 screws for the atlas and another 96 for the axis)were implanted in all the 48 patients who obtained satisfactory atlantoaxial reduction,with no spinal cord injuries.The operation lasted for average 155 min,with blood loss for average 370 ml.There were three patients with vertebral artery injury and three with inferior posterior arch fracture of the atlas during operation.All the patients were followed up for average of 46.6 months(range,9-64 months),which showed bone fusion at 6 months after operation,with no loosening,displacement,instability or breakage of the screws.The JOA score was improved from preoperative 7.1 ±2.8 to postoperative 13.3 ± 2.1(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Atlantoaxial pedicle screw fixation is a reliable and effective method for the treatment of the atlantoaxial instability.