宁波市某医院医院感染现患率的调查与分析

目的 了解并分析宁波市第七医院的医院感染现患率,为制定针对性的干预措施提供依据.方法 2010年11月25日,参照“医院感染横断面监测标准操作规程”对所有在宁波市第七医院住院的317例患者进行调查.结果 317例住院患者的医院感染现患率为4.42％,例次现患率为5.36％;感染部位以下呼吸道为主（占64.71％）;现患率最高科室为综合ICU （40.00％）;抗生素使用率为44.48％,其中治疗用药占39.01％,预防用药占45.39％,治疗＋预防用药占15.60％;分离医院感染病原菌菌株15株,以革兰阴性杆菌为主.结论 医院管理者应把综合ICU、神经外科、呼吸科作为医院感染的重点监控科室,对使用呼吸机的患者和气管插管患者需开展目标性监测,并规范抗生素的合理使用,从而降低医院感染的现患率.

Investigation and Analysis for Prevalence Rate of Nosocomial Infection

Objective To explore and analyze the prevalence rate of Ningbo No.7 Hospital,so as to provide evidences for developing targeted nursing interventions.Methods A total of 317 inpatients were investigated based on ＂Hospital infection cross-sectional monitoring standards＂.Results The prevalence rate of all the 317 inpatients was 4.42％,while the percentage of the case prevalence rate was 5.36％.There were 64.71％ infections happened in the lower respiratory tract.ICU had the highest rate of nosocomial infections,accounted for 40.00 ％.The usage rate of antibiotics was 44.48％,in which the drug used for curative accounted for 39.01％,for preventive accounted for 45.39 ％,for both curative and preventive accounted for 15.60％.The gram-negative bacterium took the majority of 15 pathogenic bacterium of nosocomial infection that had been separated.Conclusion Comprehensive ICU,department of neurosurgery and respiratory should be monitored as the focal points.Patients with ventilator or tracheal intubation should be targeted monitored.Moreover,we should rationalize the usage of antibiotics to decrease the prevalence of infection.