早产儿胼胝体发育的超声监测

目的:应用超声对早产儿胼胝体生长发育进行监测,评价早产对胼胝体发育的影响。方法:胎龄小于34周的早产儿50例作为研究组,并选正常足月新生儿50例作为对照组。于0～6周龄和相当于足月龄颅脑检查测量胼胝体和小脑蚓部的长度。所有早产儿于纠正年龄6月时接受中国儿童智能发育量表(CDCC)检查,分析胼胝体生长率与神经运动检查结果之间的关系。结果:早产儿与足月儿之间出生时的胼胝体平均长度差异有统计学意义。2～6周早产儿组胼胝体生长率慢于足月儿组。小脑蚓部的长度与胼胝体的长度之间存在明显的相关性。早产儿神经运动检查异常组(14例)和正常组(36例)2～6周异常组的胼胝体生长率慢于正常组,6周龄后直至相当于足月龄时,早产儿异常组胼胝体生长率慢于正常组。结论:对于小于34周的早产儿,超声至少在6周龄时能检测出早产对胼胝体发育的影响,早产儿神经运动发育迟滞可能与2～6周胼胝体生长率低下有关。

Detection of growth of the corpus callosum in premature infants

Objective：To evaluate the effect of preterm birth on growth of corpus callosum with cranial ultrasound.Methods：Fifty infants whose gestational ages were less than 34 weeks were enrolled.The 50 healthy mature infants were detected as a compared group.From 0 to 6 weeks of postnatal age and at term equivalent,the cranial ultrasound was performed.The length of corpus callosum and cerebellar vermis were measured.The CDCC examinations were performed at 6 months of corrected age.Results：There were significant difference of the mean length of corpus callosum at birth between the premature and term infants.A decreased growth rate of the corpus callosum was observed in premature infants group from 2 to 6 weeks.Vermis length correlated strongly with corpus callosum length. Fourteen infants showed abnormal neuromotor development and 36 had normal neuromotor function at 6 months of corrected age.A growth rate of the corpus callosum,from 2 to 6 weeks and after 6 weeks to at term equivalent in the abnormal nervimotion group,was lower than in the normal nervimotion group.Conclusion：The effect of preterm birth on growth of corpus callosum is detectable by 6 weeks after delivery in preterm infants whose gestational ages were less than 34 weeks, and a neuromotor delay may be associated with the decreased growth rate of the corpus callosum between 2 to 6weeks of life in premature infants.