高龄老年患者医院感染特点

目的调查高龄老年患者医院感染的特点,分析其发生医院感染可能的危险因素。方法调查某三甲医院高龄老年患者(老年组)和非老年成年患者(对照组)医院感染发病情况,比较两组患者医院感染病例的基础疾病、感染部位、科室分布等。结果老年组医院感染发病率高于对照组成年患者(3.38%vs 1.45%,P0.05);老年组医院感染者患高血压和糖尿病所占的比率高于对照组,患脑血管疾病比率低于对照组。老年组下呼吸道感染、泌尿系统感染和抗菌药物相关性腹泻所占比率均高于对照组(分别为41.62%vs 28.00%;15.44%vs12.02%;6.03%vs 3.15%)。老年组导尿管相关尿路感染发病率高于对照组(6.85‰vs 3.95‰;RR95%CI=1.209-2.485,P0.05)。老年组医院感染病例分布在内科系统的比率高于对照组(52.71%vs 40.03%),分布在ICU的比率低于对照组(33.52%vs 41.19%)。结论高龄老年患者医院感染的特点与其人口特点密切相关,应针对其特点进行重点部位医院感染的早期预防。

Characteristics of healthcare associated infection in elderly hospitalized patients

ObjectiveTo investigate the characteristics of healthcare associated infection(HAI) in elderly hospitalized patients, and analyze the risk factors for HAI.MethodsIncidences of HAI in elderly(elderly group) and non elderly hospitalized patients (control) in a tertiary first class hospital were investigated, the underlying diseases, infection sites, department distribution and so on between two groups of patients were compared.ResultsThe incidence of HAI in elderly group was higher than that in control group（3.38% vs 1.45%, P＜0.05）；the proportions of hypertension and diabetes mellitus in elderly group was higher than control group, while cerebrovascular disease was lower than control group. The proportion of lower respiratory tract infection, urinary system infection and antimicrobial associated diarrheal in the elderly were higher than control group（41.62% vs 28.00%, 15.44% vs 12.02%, 6.03% vs 3.15%, respectively）. The incidence of catheter associated urinary tract infection in the elderly group was higher than that in control group（6.85‰ vs 3.95‰, RR95%CI=1.209-2.485, P＜0.05）. The proportion of HAI in the elderly group in internal medicine departments was higher than that in control group（52.71% vs 40.03%），while in intensive care unit was lower than control group(33.52% vs 41.19%）.ConclusionThe characteristics of HAI in elderly patients are closely related to their demographic characteristics, early prevention of HAI in key sites should be carried out according to its characteristics.