体质指数、腰围、腰臀比、腰围身高比与城乡居民血压关系的研究

目的探讨反映肥胖的体格测量指标与血压的关系,并通过肥胖指标预测血压值。方法利用2006年"中国居民健康与营养调查"的数据,对我国九省城乡18～60岁的成年居民6 433人的体质指数(BMI)、腰围、腰臀比、腰围身高比,以及超重率、肥胖率、中心肥胖率、高血压患病率进行横断面分析,同时分析体质指数、腰围、腰臀比、腰围身高比与血压的关系,并通过多元回归方程以肥胖指标预测血压值。结果城市男性居民的平均BMI值、腰围、腰臀比、腰围身高比、收缩压、舒张压均显著高于农村居民(P<0.05)。城市女性居民的平均BMI值、腰围、超重率、肥胖率、中心肥胖率和高血压患病率均低于农村居民,但两者比较差异无显著性(P>0.05)。无论是收缩压还是舒张压,均随着BMI值、腰围、腰臀比和腰围身高比的增加而升高。多元线性回归的结果显示,女性的年龄回归系数要高于男性。男性BMI值每增加0.77、腰围每增加2.43cm、腰臀比每增加2.66%和腰围身高比每增加1.54%,其收缩压升高1mmHg;而女性,相应的值分别为0.75、2.12cm、2.54%和1.53%时,其收缩压升高1mmHg。多元逐步回归方程中,腰围身高比仅和女性舒张压有相关关系。结论肥胖指标与血压之间具有稳定的正向线性关系。腰围身高比对收缩压和舒张压的预测作用并不好于其他反映肥胖的指标。

Relationship between adiposity indicators and blood pressure of urban and rural residents in China

Objective To explore the relationship between adiposity and blood pressure(BP)of urban and rural residents in China.Methods The data in the China Health and Nutrition survey(CHNS)in 2006 were utilized.Cross-sectional analysis was carried out on the relationship between blood pressure and body mass index(BMI),waist circumference(WC),waist-to-hip ratio(WHR),waist-to-height ratio(WHtR)among 6433 adult inhabitants aged 18-60 from 9 provinces of China.A multiple regression equation was used for the prediction of blood pressure with these indicators.Results The average SBP and DBP were increased linearly with the increase of BMI,WC,WHR and WHtR.A statistically significant linear association was found between each adiposity indicator and BP level in separate regression models controlled by age.The regression coefficients were higher in women than that in men.A gain of 0.77 in BMI,2.43cm in WC,2.66% in WHR and 1.54% in WHtR for men and a gain of 0.75,2.12cm,2.54% and 1.53% respectively for women would have a corresponding elevation of 1 mmHg in SBP.Multiple stepwise regression analyses showed that DBP was related with WHtR.Conclusion There was a stable linear relationship between adiposity indicators and BP.WHtR not a good predicator of SBP and DBP in Chinese adults.