天然虾青素对抗肾纤维化及细胞凋亡的作用

目的采用单侧输尿管梗阻（partial Unilateral ureteral obstruction, UUO）模型大鼠，研究天然虾青素（虾青素）对抗肾间质
纤维化及肾细胞凋亡的作用。方法将96 只成年雄性SD大鼠随机分组，每组16 只，分别为空白组、假手术组（Sham）、模型组
（UUO）、天然虾青素组（高、中、低剂量）组，空白组大鼠不做任何处理，Sham组大鼠仅游离左侧输尿管，UUO组和虾青素组大鼠
结扎左侧输尿管。虾青素组于术前2 d灌胃给予虾青素（100、50、25 mg·kg-1·d-1，空白组、Sham组和UUO组灌胃给予等体积生
理盐水，连续14 d，处死大鼠，采用HE染色，观察大鼠肾脏病理情况，并通过SABC方法测定大鼠肾间质TGF-β1、SGK1、CTGF
的表达情况。应用大鼠Bcl-2、Bax 试剂盒，检查各组大鼠肾组织的Bcl-2、Bax 表达情况。结果天然虾青素组的大鼠肾间质
TGF-β1、SGK1、CTGF表达、肾脏病理学损伤明显减少，同时天然虾青素组对于大鼠的肾小管上皮细胞凋亡也有改善作用。结
论天然虾青素可以一定程度上减少肾脏纤维化、改善肾细胞凋亡，其对纤维化肾损伤具有一定的保护作用。

Effects of astaxanthin on renal fibrosis and cell apoptosis induced by partial unilateral ureteral obstruction in rats

Objective To study the effects of astaxanthin on renal fibrosis and apoptosis induced by partial unilateral ureteral
obstruction (UUO) in rats. Methods Ninety-six male adult SD rats were randomized into 6 equal groups, namely the blank
control group, sham-operated group, UUO group, and astaxanthin group at high, medium, and low doses. Left ureteral
ligation was performed in UUO and astaxanthin groups, and two days before the operation, the rats in astaxanthin groups
were lavaged with 25, 50, or 100 mg/kg astaxanthin daily for 14 days, while the same volume of saline was given to rats in
UUO group and sham-operated group. Renal pathological in the rats was observed with HE staining, and the expression levels
of TGF-β1, SGK1, and CTGF in the left kidney were detected immunohistochemically; the expression level of Bcl-2 and Bax
were detected using Bcl-2 and Bax detection kits. Results Compared to UUO group, high- and medium-dose astaxanthin
groups showed obviously ameliorated renal pathologies and reduced expressions of TGF-β1, SGK1, and CTGF in the left
kidney with lessened renal cell apoptosis. Conclusion Astaxanthin can reduce UUO-induced renal fibrosis and renal cell
apoptosis, demonstrating the renoprotective effect of astaxanthin against renal fibrosis.