后正中入路腰椎间融合与脊柱骨盆平衡相关性研究

目的：探讨采用经后正中入路腰椎间融合（posterior lumber interbody fusion, PLIF）治疗腰椎退变性疾病时对脊柱骨盆矢状面平衡的影响。方法回顾性分析2011年2月至2012年6月我院通过PLIF治疗腰椎间盘突出症、腰椎滑脱、腰椎管狭窄症的患者40例，以常用的脊柱骨盆平衡参数中的骨盆入射角（pelvic incidence, PI）、骨盆倾斜角（pelvic tilt, PT）、骶骨倾斜角（sacral slope, SS）及腰椎前凸角（lumbar lordosis, LL）为观察指标，分别测量患者术前、术后7 d、术后1年、术后2年的脊柱骨盆平衡参数。予以比较这些参数的变化，从而评估PLIF手术对脊柱骨盆平衡的影响。并采用日本骨科协会（Jap?anese Orthopaedic Association, JOA）腰腿痛评分标准对患者手术前后腰腿痛进行评分，评估患者症状及体征改善情况。结果患者术前、术后的LL、SS、PT比较，LL从术前的38.6°±5.2°增加到术后的46.8°±7.3°（t=2.904，P=0.01)，SS由术前的28.2°±6.7°增加到术后的33.4°±5.3°（t=3.608，P=0.038），PT由术前的21.6°±7.8°减小到术后的18.2°±9.4°（t=3.062，P=0.041）；而术后不同时间段的比较，差异均无统计学意义（均P＞0.05）。35例患者的JOA评分较术前增加，由术前的（12.5±1.8）分升至末次随访的（21.6±3.2）分，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 PLIF术式能缓解患者的临床症状，改善患者的生活质量；并且可以有效地改善腰椎前凸的病理状态，恢复腰椎正常的生理前凸，从而对维持脊柱骨盆矢状面平衡具有重要意义。

Correlation of posterior lumbar interbody fusion procedures with spinal and pelvic balance

Objective To investigate the effect of posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) procedures on the sagittal balance of spine and pelvis in treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases. Methods Forty cases of lumbar disc herniation, lumbar spondylolisthesis or lumbar spinal stenosis admitted to our department from February 2011 to June 2012 and treated with PLIF procedures were retrospectively analyzed. The parameters of spinal the pelvic balance (SS, PT, PI, and LL) were measured before and after surgery, one year and two years af?ter surgery, respectively. Meanwhile, JOA scores were recorded to assess the improvement of symptoms and signs of low back pain. All the data were analyzed by SPSS 17.0 software package for the significance test. The P value was set at 0.05. Results There was significant difference in LL, SS and PT before and after operation (P<0.05). The lumbar lordosis and sacral slope was increased respectively from 38.6° ± 5.2° , 28.2° ± 6.7° to 46.8°±7.3°, 33.4°±5.3°, and the pelvic incidence was decreased from 21.6°±7.8° to 18.2±9.4°, but there was no significant difference between different postoperative periods. As compared with the preoperation, the JOA scores in 35 patients at the final follow?up were increased from (12.5 ± 1.8) to (21.6 ± 3.2) (P<0.05). Conclu?sion PLIF procedure can relieve symptoms and improve quality of life of patients. PLIF procedure can effec?tively improve lumbar lordosis, and the recovery to lumbar normal lordosis has a positive effect on the mainte?nance of sagittal balance of spine and pelvis.