Invasive techniques for the diagnosis of respiratory infectious diseases |
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Authors: | Kohei Hara MD PhD Shigeru Kohno MD PhD Hironobu Koga MD PhD |
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Institution: | (1) Second Department of Internal Medicine, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, 852 Nagasaki, Japan |
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Abstract: | Conclusion Reviewing the history of diagnostic procedures of causative organisms of respiratory infections, invasive techniques such
as the protected specimen catheter (PSB) and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) have become the preferred choices because they have
many advantages. These methods cause the patient relatively little discomfort, and permit an early diagnosis since they can
easily be performed at the bedside and the causative organism from the disease site is obtained in cultures. These procedures
can be used not only in patients with community-acquired lung infections, but also in immunocompromised hosts, including those
with blood diseases or following renal transplantation, in patients in intensive care units and in mechanically-ventilated
patients so that the cause can be accurately determined and chemotherapy started quickly, resulting in better therapeutic
efficacy.
Although these invasive procedures are advantageous for the diagnosis of respiratory infections, they also present various
problems which remain to be addressed including minimizing contamination and setting diagnostic threshold values. However,
the importance of accurately determining the causative organism in respiratory infections should be recognized as the most
important factor, and these methods have shown to date to provide the most accurate information to aid in the timely treatment
of respiratory infections in a wide variety of patients. |
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Keywords: | respiratory infection invasive technique bronchoscopic catheter method quantitative culture |
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