74例颅内生殖细胞瘤放疗疗效分析

目的 分析颅内生殖细胞瘤的放疗疗效.方法 搜集2007年11月前接近18年内收治的颅内生殖细胞瘤病例74例,其中男35例,女39例,中位年龄15(5～45)岁.放疗前病理诊断9例,余65例20 Gy放疗后MRI显示病灶均明显缩小(>50%)或消失为临床诊断.应用6 MV X线全脑全脊髓放疗加局部补量照射、全脑放疗加局部补量照射、全脑室放疗加局部补量或肿瘤区局部照射,原发病灶区38.5～50.0 Gy,全脑或全脑室18～25 Gy,全脊髓21～25 Gy,分割剂量1.6～2.0Gy/次,5次/周.结果 中位随访时间80(12～168)个月,总随访率为97%,10年随访例数和随访率分别为14例和19%.1、5、10年总生存率和无复发生存率分别为99%和97%、96%和90%、93%和83%.共9例患者治疗失败,6例为照射野内复发,3例为照射野外转移.照射野内复发者中肿瘤剂量<40 Gy者3例.38例患者放疗后有不同程度的垂体前叶功能低下,部分需强的松等激素替代治疗.结论 放疗是颅内生殖细胞瘤的主要治疗手段,其照射剂量、范围要根据病灶数目、脑脊液检查等结果 来决定.

Radiotherapy for seventy-four patients with intracranial germinoma

Objective To analyze the outcomes of radiotherapy for 74 patients with intracranial ger-minoma. Methods Between 1990 and 2007,74 patients with intracranial germinoma(9 pathologically diag-nosed and 65 clinically diagnosed) were treated with radiotherapy in our hospital. The median age at diagno-sis was 15 (range 5-45) years. Radiation treatment fields varied among patients, including craniospinal irra-diation(CSI), whole brain irradiation, whole ventricular irradiation with primary tumor boost, and involved-field irradiation only to the primary tumor plus margin. The dose was 38.5 -50.0 Gy to the tumor,18-25 Gy to the whole brain/ventricular,and 21-25 Gy to the whole spinal cord in fractions of 1.6-2.0 Gy per day,5 fractions per week. Results The median follow-up time was 80(range 12-168) months and the fol-low-up rate was 97%. Fourteen patients had been followed up for over 10 years. The 1-,5- and 10-year o-verall survival rates were 99% ,96% and 93%. The corresponding disease free survival rates were 97%, 90% and 83%, respectively. Relapses occurred in 9 patients. For the 6 patients with in-field relapse, the dose to the tumor was 38.5-40.0 Gy in 3 patients, 41-45 Gy in 2 and 46-50 Gy in 1. Relapse in the spinal cord was found in 3 patients and none of them received spinal irradiation. Twenty-one patients re-quired hormonal replacement therapy because of radiation induced hypofunction of prehypophysis. Conclu-sions Radiotherapy alone is a curative treatment for intracranial germinoma. The proper dose should be de-termined by tumor numbers and the examination of cerebrospinal fluid.