早期亲子互动中母亲言语输入风格初探

目的 考察早期亲子互动中母亲言语输入特征及其影响因素。方法 对30名9.5~17个月婴幼儿与其母亲的自由互动录像进行分析, 从言语运用特征和言语社会互动特征两个角度进行编码;使用自编问卷调查影响因素。结果 从言语运用特征看, 母亲通常以指令性语言为主(42.4%), 多使用祈使句, 以简单的重复语句为主;从言语社会互动特征看, 中国母亲较多采用母亲中心式语句(77.2%);聚类分析结果显示, 母亲言语风格大致为:高语用高互动(13.3%)、低语用高互动(16.7%)、高语用低互动(13.3%)、低语用低互动(56.7%);月收入低的家庭母亲更加倾向于低言语低互动的言语风格, 而中高收入家庭的母亲倾向于低言语高互动风格类型。结论 中国母亲言语风格有其自身特点, 不同收入家庭母亲言语风格存在差异。

Preliminary study on maternal speech style in early parent-child interactions.

Objective To explore maternal speech style and the influencing factors. Method Maternal speech style was coded with two dimensions of the level of the pragmatic and the level of the interactivity from the video of mother-infant dyads (n=30) over 9.5 to 17 months of age. Results The majority of mothers(42.4%) usually used mandatory language and more likely to use the imperative sentence and simple repeated statements; Chinese mothers (77.2%) used more mother-focused speech; According to the Results of cluster analysis, the maternal speech style could be divided into four types:high level of using language and high level of interaction (13.3%), low level of pragmatic and high level of interaction (16.7%), high level of pragmatic and low level of interaction (13.3%), low level of pragmatic and low level of interaction (56.7%). Conclusion Family socioeconomic status is related to the maternal speech style.