居家连续非卧床腹膜透析患者自护的现状评估

目的 评估居家连续非卧床腹膜透析（Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis,CAPD)患的自护现状。方法 应用描述性研究设计,通过便利抽样,应用统一的观察记录表对30例出院需进行CAPD患的换液操作、自护知识及其居家环境进行实地观察评估。结果 50％的患能够自己进行CAPD操作。需要家人帮助进行的30％,由保姆操作的为20％。居家透析环境和设计基本能符合腹膜透析要求;能够掌握无菌操作的仅为37．0％;能够掌握腹膜炎知识的仅为20％。70％的研究对象有血压监测措施,有50％的患完全依从治疗方案。多数家庭成员能提供帮助。结论 居家CAPD患自护现状还存在许多问题,特别是无菌操作的观察,透析液的观察,并发症的观察等。

Evaluation on the presentstatus of Self-Care by Patients Receiving CAPD at Home

Objective To evaluate the self-care ability of patients receiving continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) at home. Method The descriptive research design was used. Thirty continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients were recruited through purposive sampling method. Structure observation data collecting form was used to evaluate the peritoneal dialysis performance, knowledge and home environment of the patients. Results 50 % subjects did CAPD by themselves. 30 % and 20 % respectively were done by family members or others. Home environment and facilities were basically in accord with the needs of peritoneal dialysis. Only 37.0% subjects could master aseptic technique. 40% subjects could assess and observe the outflow after dialysis. Only 20% subjects knew signs and symptom of peritonitis. 13.3% knew how to deal with pollution and disconnected circuit during performance. 70% measured blood pressure regularly. 50% understood their illness and had completed compliance with the regimen. Most of them could get support from their family members. Conclusion Many problems could be found among home CAPD patients by the present study, especially aseptic technique during performance, inspection of the dialysate and alertness of complications . Results of the present study could provide some basic information for instruction of home CAPD patients.