精神分裂症患者认知功能及其影响因素研究

目的了解精神分裂症患者认知功能及其影响因素。方法对67例精神分裂症患者及63例正常对照者进行华文认知能力(CCAS)评定,同时调查患者的临床特征。结果精神分裂症患者的总认知能力(IQ)以及分测验数字广度、汉词配对、数理运算、言语类推、快速组词、空间广度、图符配对、巧拼积木、图形类推、快速编码评分均显著低于正常对照组,差异有显著性(P<0.01)。患者认知功能障碍的发生率为56.7%。单因素分析显示,认知功能与病程呈负相关,与发病年龄呈正相关,与精神病性症状、所使用的抗精神病药类型、疾病分型等因素无关。多元逐步回归分析显示,仅病程与IQ有关。结论精神分裂症的认知功能损害是原发的、广泛的,可能与病程有关。

Cognitive function and its related factors in schizophrenia

Objective To investigate the cognitive function and its related factors in Schizophrenia.Method 67 schizophrenia patients and 63 healthy subjects were tested with the Chinese Cognitive Ability Scale(CCAS).We also investigated the clinical features of patients.Results IQ and the scores of Digit Span,Chinese Word Matching,Numeral Operation,Verbal Analogy,Word Stem Completion,Spatial Span,and Picture-Symbol Matching,Build Block,Pattern Analogy,Quick Coding.of patients were significantly lower than those of the normal controls(P<0.01).The incidence of cognitive function deficit in schizophrenia was 56.7%.Single factor analysis showed that the course of disease was negatively related to the cognitive function,but positive to age of onset.There were no relationships between IQ and psychotic symptoms,the subtypes of antipsychotics,the subtypes of diagnosis and soon.Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that only the course of disease was related to IQ.Conclusion The cognitive function deficit in schizophrenia is extensive and regarded as a primary symptom.The course of disease is possibly related to the cognitive function deficit.