Aneurysm of the mitral valve in a patient with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

We report a case of mitral valve aneurysm and severe mitral regurgitation complicating infective endocarditis in a patient with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. 2-dimensional echocardiography revealed a saccular structure in the anterior mitral leaflet that bulged into the left atrium throughout the cardiac cycle. Pathology of the excised valve showed inflammation, early repair and perforation of the aneurysm. Concurrent mitral insufficiency or trauma resulting from septal-anterior mitral leaflet contact may predispose to valvular infection. The repair process of this damaged focus and the loss of the elastic properties of the valve may contribute to aneurysm formation. The aneurysm in this case formed in less than 5 weeks.