山东省莱芜市白内障手术复明效果及术后并发症的调查

目的 了解白内障手术后的复明情况，并探讨其影响因素及有效的解决方法。方法 采用大样本含量分层整群随机抽样法对山东省莱芜市人群进行普查，记录白内障患者的手术类型、术后视力及术后并发症情况，将结果进行统计学分析。结果 共查出白内障术后患者1089例（1274只眼）。盲和低视力的发生率分别为4.87%和23.70%。术后发生角膜失代偿，继发性青光眼、晶状体后囊膜混浊、黄斑囊祥水肿和视网膜脱离者650只眼（51.02%），治疗后因这些术后并发症导致的盲及低视力发生率由治疗前的4.87%、23.70%分别降至1.96%和6.01%。白内障针拨术和囊内白内障摘除术的手术脱盲率和最终脱残率最低，术后并发症的发生率最高。结论 适当选择白内障手术类型；对农村地区白内障术后患者进行定期随诊及普查，及时发现，治疗术后并发症，对提高白内障手术的脱盲率和脱殖率具有极为重要的意义。

Tne therapeutic effects and postoperative complications of cataract surgery in Laiwu City

Objective To decrease the prevalence of blindness and low vision in Laiwu City. Methods The therapeutic effects and postoperative complications of each method of cataract surgery were investigated and statistically analyzed. The cases with postoperative complications were treated after surgery. Results In the investigation, 1 274 eyes of 1 089 cases had undergone cataract surgeries, including couching for cataract, intracapsular cataract extraction (ICCE), extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) and ECCE with intraocular lens implantation. The prevalence of blindness and low vision was 4 87% and 23 70%, respectively. There were postoperative complications in 650 eyes (51 02%). They were corneal decompensation, secondary glaucoma, opacity of posterior capsuler, cystoid macular edema and retinal detachment. After treatment for the postoperative complications, the prevalence of blindness and low vision was decreased to 1 96% and 6 01%, respectively. The cases having escaped the blindness and handicap after treatment were lowest in the groups of couching and ICCE. Conclusions The survey on the population having undergone cataract surgery in rural district is important. The postoperative complications can be treated in time and the prevalence of blindness and low vision can be decreased.