云南省妇幼保健院儿保门诊2009至2013年7岁以下儿童体格发育资料分析

目的 了解云南省妇幼保健院儿保门诊7岁以下儿童体格发育现状及变化趋势。方法 按（2005年中国九市7岁以下儿童体格发育调查》对2009至2013年5年来儿保门诊就诊的7岁以下儿童进行体格检查，将体格检查结果进行分析比较，并分别与2005年中国九市城区7岁以下儿童体格发育调查资料和云南省妇幼保健院儿保门诊组织的2010年云南15种特有少数民族农村7岁以下儿童体格发育调查资料进行分析比较。结果 儿童体重、身长随年龄增大而增加，年龄越小，增长速度越快，符合儿童体格生长规律，第1年生长速度最快，女童1月龄一〈6月龄，体重平均每月增长0．62kg，身高平均增长2．6cm，6月龄～〈12月龄，体重平均每月增长0．27kg，身高平均增长1．46cm；2岁以后男女童体重平均每年增长约2kg，身高平均增长约7cm，男重大于女童。2009至2013年体格发育水平没显著变化。2010年7岁以下儿童年龄别体重及身高，低于2005年中国九市城区7岁以下儿童，除个别年龄组，均有统计学差异。高于2010年云南15种特有少数民族农村7岁以下儿童，除个别年龄组外，差异明显，有统计学意义。结论 儿童生长发育状况受卫生保健服务、营养供给、家庭条件等综合因素的影响。

Analysis of physical development data of children under 7 years old in MCH Hospital of Yunnan Province from 2009 to 2013

Objective To understand the current status and changes of physical development of children under 7 years old visiting the outpatient department of child health care of MCH Hospital of Yunnan Province. Methods Physical examination was performed on the children under the age of 7 visiting the outpatient department of child health care during 2009-2013 according to the survey on physical development of children under the age of 7 in 9 cities of China in 2005. The physical examination data were compared with the survey data of physical development of children under 7 years old from nine cities of China in 2005 and with the survey data of physical development of children under 7 years old from 15 Yunnan ethnic minority nationalities in 2010. Results The height and weight of the children increased with the increasing of age and the younger the children, the faster the increasing, which was consistent with children＇ s physical growth pattern. The growth speed was highest in the first year. For girls weight increased 0.62kg and height increased 2.6cm per month on average at the first 6 months. During the age of 6 - 12 months weight increased 0.27kg and height increased 1.46cm per month on average. After 2 years weight increased 2kg and height increased 7cm on average for girls and boys, and the increase of boys was greater than that of girls. The physical development level between 2009 and 2013 did not change significantly. Weight for age and height for age of children under 7 years old in 2007 were lower than those in 2005, and there were significant differences except for some age groups. Weight for age and height for age of children under 7 years old in 2007 were higher than those of children in 15 ethnic minority nationalities in 2010, and the differences were significant except for some age groups. Conclusion The growth and development status of children are affected by some comprehensive factors, such as health-care services, nutrient supply, family finances, and so on.