医院感染常见细菌分布与耐药性分析

目的了解细菌分布及常见细菌的耐药性。方法回顾性分析某院2000—2004年临床标本分离的细菌及其耐药性监测结果。结果1439株细菌中，革兰阳性菌456株（31．69％），以凝固酶阴性表皮葡萄球菌为多，达206株（45．18％），其次为金黄色葡萄球菌92株（20．18％）；两种葡萄球菌的耐药率相似，对万古霉素耐药率均为0。革兰阴性菌983株，前5位依次为肠杆菌属346株（35．20％），克雷伯菌属164株（16，68％），铜绿假单胞菌155株（15．77％），埃希菌属101株（10．27％），变形杆菌属94株（9．56％）；前5位革兰阴性菌对常用抗菌药物的耐药性以半合成青霉索较明显，铜绿假单胞菌的耐药性较突出。结论应高度重视细菌变迁和耐药性监测，提高抗菌药物合理应用水平。

Distribution and drug-resistance of common bacteria in nosocomial infection

Objective To realize the distribution and drug-resistance of commonly isolated bacteria in nosocomial infection.Methods Retrospective analysis was made on the monitoring results of antimicrobial resistance of bacteria isolated from clinical samples in a hospital between 2000 and 2004.Results Among 1 439 strains of isolated bacteria,456((31.69%)) were gram-positive bacteria,and 206((45.18%)) of which were coagulase negative Staphylococcus epidermidis,92((20.18%)) were coagulase positive Staphylococcus aureus.The drug resistant rates of two kinds of Staphylococcus were similar,drug resistance to vancomycin was both 0.Among 983 strains of gram-negative bacteria,the first 5 isolated bacteria were Enterobacter spp.(346 strains,accounting for(35.20%)),Klebsiella spp.(164,(16.68%)),Pseudomonas aeruginosa(155,(15.77%)),Escherichia spp.(101,(10.27%)),Proteus spp.(94,(9.56%)).The dug resistance of these gram-negative bacteria to semisynthetic penicillins was obvious,the drug resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was more prominent. Conclusion bacterial change,drug resistant monitor and antimicrobial rational use should be paid attention.