超声检查在颈部肿块诊断及鉴别诊断中的应用

目的：探讨并总结二维和彩色多普勒超声对颈部肿块的术前诊断和鉴别诊断价值，进一步提高诊断的准确性。方法：对126例患者行术前超声检查，并与穿刺细胞学及术后病理结果进行对照分析。结果：126例颈部肿块中转移癌、淋巴结结核、血管瘤多数形状不规则、壁结构不清晰、内部回声不均匀；腮裂囊肿、神经鞘瘤、淋巴瘤大部分有侧方声影；除转移癌外其他肿块多出现后方回声增强，而转移癌以后方衰减为主。彩色多谱勒显示淋巴结门血管移位也是一些颈部肿块的特征。结论：超声可作为颈部肿块诊断及鉴别诊断的首选方法。

Diagnosis and differential diagnosis of cervical masses by utrasound

Objective To evaluate the significance of ultrsonography in the diagnosis and differentiatial diagnosis of cervical masses before operation,and further improve the sonographic accuracy. Method A retrospective analysis was performed on 126 cases with the cervical masses. The results of preoperative ultrasonographic examination were compared with that of preoperative cytology and postoperative pathology. Results Metastatic carcinoma, lymphoid tuberculosis and hemangiomas mainly showed irregular contour, with unclear separation and heterogeneous echotexture. Most of the branchial cysts, neurinomas, lymphoma had lateral acoustic shadow. Apart from metastatic carcinoma, increased echo was found behind most of cervical masses. Colour Doppler flow imaging showed displacement of hilar vascularity within some cervical masses. Conclusion Ultrasonography can act as the first optional method in diagnosis and differential diagnosis of cervical mass.