慢性荨麻疹患者变应原检测及自体血清试验临床分析

目的:探讨慢性荨麻疹患者变应原检测和自体血清皮肤试验的临床意义。方法:皮肤点刺试验(SPT)检测30种变应原皮试液(包括吸入性和食物性),以生理盐水作阴性对照,以组胺作阳性对照,注射于前臂屈侧,20-30分钟后观察结果。自体血清试验(ASST)以自体血清注射于一侧前臂,另一侧注射生理盐水作阴性对照,30分钟后观察结果。结果:787例慢性荨麻疹患者中SPT有550例阳性(69.89%),6种以上变应原阳性332例(42.19%),吸入组阳性516例(65.57%)明显高于食物组309例(39.26%);ASST阳性为244例(31.00%),SPT阴性组ASST阳性率明显高于SPT阳性组。结论:SPT可以帮助我们寻找引起慢性荨麻疹的相关变应原。ASST阳性表明患者血清中存在自身抗体,可以作为自身免疫性荨麻疹的筛选试验。

Investigation on the Clinical Significance of Detecting the Allergens with Skin Prick Test and the Autologous Serum Skin Test in Chronic Urticaria

Objective:To investigate on the clinical significance of the skin prick test(SPT) and the autologous serum skin test(ASST)in patients with chronic urticaria. Methods:30 allergic(liquids) for test(including inhalational and ingestive allergens) were used in the SPT.The negative control liquid was sodium chloride injection(0.9%) and the positive control liquid was hydrocholoric-histamine,we did the test on the flexor of forearm and the result was observed after 20-30 minutes.The autologous serum was injected on flexor of forearm and injected sodium chloride(0.9%) on the other side as negative control and the result was observed after 30 minutes.(Results): The results showed that 550 of 787(69.89%)patients showed positive and among them 332 patients(42.19%) were showed positive for at least six allergens in the SPT,the positive rate of inhalational allergens was higher than that of ingestive allergens.The ASST was positive in 224 out of 787 urticaria cases and positive rate was 31%,the positive rate of ASST in the group of SPT negative was much higher than that of SPT positive.Conclusion: SPT can help us to find relevant allergen in chronic urticaria.A positive ASST may indicate the presence of circulating functional autoantibodies in the serum of some patients;ASST can be used as a screening test for autoantibodies in the chronic urticaria.