硬膜外吗啡复合液和静脉布托啡诺用于产科术后镇痛的回顾分析

目的比较硬膜外吗啡复合局麻药和静脉布托啡诺用于剖宫产术后的镇痛效果及不良反应。方法回顾分析本院产科2011年9月至2011年12月行剖宫产、术后以硬膜外吗啡复合液（E组）或静脉布托啡诺（I组）镇痛的产妇共503例。记录镇痛效果和相关不良反应。结果 E组95.9%和I组97.4%的产妇术后镇痛效果优良（P〉0.05）,E组恶心呕吐、瘙痒、下肢麻木等发生率显著高于I组（P〈0.01或P〈0.05）,但I组头晕嗜睡者比E组多（P〉0.05）。结论静脉布托啡诺可为剖宫产术后提供满意的镇痛效果,与硬膜外吗啡复合局麻药相比,恶心呕吐及瘙痒等不良反应较少,但头晕嗜睡者较多。

Retrospective Analysis of Intravenous Butorphanol and Epidural Morphine in Postoperative Analgesia after Cesarean Section

Objective To compare the efficacy of intravenous butorphanol and epidural morphine plus ropivacaine in postoperative analgesia after cesarean section.Methods 503 patients with postcesarean analgesia were divided into group E（postoperative epidural analgesia with ropivacaine combined with morphine） and group I（postoperative analgesia with intravenous 8 mg butorphanol）.The analgesia effect and related adverse reactions were recorded.Results The excellent and good rate of analgesia was 95.9% and 97.4% in group E and group I respectively（P 0.05）.The incidence of nausea and vomiting,pruritus,lower extremities numbness in group E was higher than those in group I（P 0.01 or 0.05）,but group I had more cases of dizziness and lethargy（P 0.05）.Conclusions Intravenous butorphanol can provide satisfactory postcesarean analgesic effect.Compared with epidural morphine combined with local anesthetics,it has fewer adverse effects such as PONV,pruritus and numbness on lower extremities,but more incidences of dizziness and lethargy.