多囊卵巢综合征神经内分泌病因机制的研究进展

多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)是女性常见的生殖内分泌疾病,PCOS的典型特征是高雄激素血症、排卵障碍和卵巢多囊样改变.高雄激素血症通常是由垂体黄体生成激素(LH)脉冲分泌增加所致.多数PCOS女性表现为血清LH水平升高,LH脉动分泌频率升高.LH脉动分泌频率异常升高反映了促性腺激素释放激素(GnRH)神经回路异常活跃,提示...

Advances in Neuroendocrine Mechanism of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)is a highly prevalent reproductive endocrine disorder in women.PCOS is characterized by three clinical features of hyperandrogenism,ovulatory dysfunction and the polycystic appearance of the ovaries.Hyperandrogenemia is driven by the increased luteinizing hormone(LH)pulse secretion from the pituitary.Indeed,PCOS women display both the elevated mean level of LH and the elevated frequency of LH pulses.The abnormally high frequency of LH pulses reflects a hyperactive circuit of gonadotropin-releasing hormone(GnRH)neurons,which suggests a neuroendocrine basis to either the etiology or phenotype of PCOS.Several studies in preclinical animal models of PCOS have demonstrated the alterations in GnRH neurons and their upstream afferent neuronal circuits.The PCOS model of excessive androgen or Mulller′s hormone exposure during development confirmed the increased activity of GnRH neurons that is related to the stimulation of Kisspeptinergic and GABAergic neurons to control GnRH neurons.In this paper,we review the pathology of PCOS associated with high frequency GnRH/LH pulses and highlight about the involved neural networks,and then discuss the neuroendocrine origins of PCOS.