桑美台风灾害对幸存者心理影响的定性研究

目的:探讨台风灾害对幸存者认知及心理行为的影响,为灾害幸存者心理救助提供依据.方法:以2006年8月超强台风"桑美"袭击的浙江苍南2个自然村为案例,在208名调查对象中,对9位经历超强台风的幸存者运用立意取样和个体深入专题访谈的方法进行,采用现场录音、问卷等方法进行资料收集和整理分析.结果:在强台风灾害中,灾民的认知、情感以及行为体验发生显著变化,主要表现为:①灾民的需要结构变化,在需要内容、需要数量和质量方面明显降低,并且需求趋向一致的现象;②在情感体验方面出现负性情绪和负性认知,发生创伤后应激障碍和"闪回"现象;③对社会支持系统表示强烈渴望,出现人际交往的"共同经验区".结论:台风等自然灾害对灾民影响是巨大的,不仅在物质上,而且带来一定的心理和精神伤害.因此,要充分重视灾民的心理健康问题,将其干预措施纳入到政策层面,采取合理、科学的灾后救助方法.

Qualitative Research of Survivors' Cognition and Psychological Problems after Saomai Typhoon

Objective:To explore the influences on recognition and psychiatric problems of survivors after the Saomai Typhoon struck in rural Zhejiang province.Methods: A total of 208 survivors were assessed and 9 of them were selected through the further interviews and focus group discussions.The phenomenon logical analysis method was used to describe and categorize the traumatic stress symptoms after the huge typhoon.Results: After the experience of the disaster,survivors' cognition,affection,and behavior were change...