揭阳市部分从业人员乙型肝炎感染情况调查

目的 了解揭阳市从业人员乙型肝炎感染及乙肝疫苗接种情况，探讨预防对策。方法 对2003—2004年到揭阳市疾病预防控制中心公共卫生科进行健康体检接受注射乙肝疫苗接种人员进行调查，抽血检查乙肝“两对半”检测。并对检测结果进行统计学分析。结果 共调查体检人员6394人，HBV总感染率为74．30％。大三阳及小三阳分别为81人及601人。乙肝疫苗接种率为42．99％，已接种乙肝疫苗者“两对半”五项全阴者为23．97％，未接种疫苗者为27．00％。己接种疫苗者HBsAg总阳性率为3．38％，而未接种乙肝疫苗者为9．74％，两者差异有显著性（X^2=97．18。P〈0．01）。已接种乙肝疫苗者抗-HBs阳性率为80．79％，而未接种乙肝疫苗者为21．98％，两者差异有显著性（X^2=11027，28，P〈0．01）。已接种疫苗者大三阳感染率（0．04％）也低于未接种者（2．19％），差异有显著性（X^2=58．37，P〈0．01），已接种者小三阳感染率（4．50％）也低于未接种者（11．99％），差异有显著性（X^2=66．76，P〈0．01）。结论 揭阳市受检从业人员的乙型肝炎感染率较高；接种乙型肝炎疫苗者HBsAg阳性率较低，而抗-HBs阳性率较高．建议从业人员就业前进行乙肝“两对半”检测并对乙型肝炎易感者进行乙肝疫苗接种。

Survey of infectious status of hepatitis B virus in workers in Jieyang City

Objective To understand the infectious status of hepatitis B virus in workers and immunization with hepatitis B vaccine in Jieyang City Area and provide basis for making control measures. Methods Inpatients attended at the Department of Public Health of Jieyang Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention for health checkup and vaccination with hepatitis B vaccine during 2003 - 2004 were surveyed and the results were statistically analyzed. Results Totally 6 394 persons were examined and the total infection HBV rate was 74.30% . HBsAg, HBeAg and anti - HBc were in 81 persons accounted for 1.27% , HBsAg, anfi - HBc or anti - Hbe positives were positive in 601 persons accounted for 9.86 % . The inoculation rate with hepatitis B vaccine was 42.99% . The five markers were all negative in 23.97% of the vaccinated persons while it was 27.00% in those without vaccination. The total positive rate of HBsAg in those vaccinated was 3 .38% and 9.74% in those without vaccination, showing a significant difference between the two groups (X2= 97.18, P < 0.01). The positive rate of anti - HBs in the vaccinated persons was 80.79% , and it was 21.98% in those without vaccination, also showing a significant difference between the two groups (X2 = 11 027.28, P < 0.01). The positive rates of HBsAg, HBeAg and anti - HBc were lower in those inoculated wit hepatitis B vaccine than those without vaccination (X2= 58.37, P < 0.01), while the positive rate of HBsAg, HBeAg or anti - HBc was also lower in those inoculated with hepatitis B vaccine than those without vaccination (X2= 66.76, P < 0.01). Conclusion The infection rate of hepatitis B virus in the workers in Jieyang City was relatively high and examination of the workers for positive hepatitis B markers be performed before working and the susceptibles be Inoculated with hepatitis B vaccine.