2型糖尿病视网膜病变发病的危险因素分析

目的探讨2型糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）发生的危险因素。方法对148例2型糖尿病患者可能诱发DR的危险因素血压、血糖、糖化血红蛋白（HbAlC）、血尿素氮（BUN）、血肌酐（Cr）、β2-微球蛋白进行分析。结果148例糖尿病患者患糖尿病视网膜病变61例，占41．1％。发生率与性别无关；其中病程、糖化血红蛋白、空腹血糖、血压、三酰甘油、胆固醇等与DR发生率呈显著正相关关系；与病程有关，病程少于5年和5年以上的发生率差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），2型糖尿病伴高血压患者DR发生率与不伴高血压者的发生率差异有统计学意义；血BUN、Cr含量升高DR发生率显著高于健康者。结论病程长、高血糖和高血脂、高血压、肥胖是DR发生的重要危险因素，糖尿病患者应严格控制血糖、血脂、血压可能延缓糖尿病视网膜病变的发生。

Analysis on risk factors for type 2 diabetic retinopathy

Objective To investigate the risk factor for type 2 diabetic retinopathy （DR）. Methods Potential risk factor such as blood pressure, blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin （ HbAlC）, blood urea nitrogen （BUN）, creatinine （Cr）,β2-microglobulin （[32-MG） of type 2 diabetic retinopathy were studied by statistical analysis in 148 patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes millitus. REsults Type 2 diabetic retinopathy （DR） occurred in 61 of 148 subjects （41.1%）. The rate of the retinopathy had nothing to do with the gender. Duration of diabetes, HbAlc, fasting blood glucose （FBS）, blood pressure, triglyceride （TG）, and total cholesterol （TC） were closely associated with DR. The difference of retinopatby incidence was significant between short course group （tess than 5 years） and long course group （more than 5 years） ,hypertension group and non-hypertension group （P〈0.05）. The incidence of retinopathy was significantly higher in BUN and Cr elevation group than that in BUN and Cr normal group..Conclusion Prolong course,hyperglycaemia,hyperlipemia,hypertension and obesity are risk factors for type 2 diabetic retinopathy （DR）. Strict control of blood glucose and blood fat and high blood pressure may delay the occurrence of diabetic retinopathy.