慢性支气管炎与肺气肿大鼠肺内血管重塑与气管重塑的关系

目的观察慢性支气管炎与肺气肿大鼠肺内血管重塑与气管重塑的关系。方法Wistar大鼠分为4组：正常组（n=5）、对照组（n=5）、慢性支气管炎组（n=6）、慢性支气管炎＋肺气肿组（n=6），气管内注入脂多糖（LPS）复制慢性支气管炎，气管内注入LPS与烟熏的方法复制慢性支气管炎＋肺气肿动物模型，弹力纤维染色观察肺小动脉形态学变化。masson染色观察细支气管平滑肌和胶原层厚度变化。结果与正常组比较，慢性支气管炎组、慢性支气管炎＋肺气肿组肺小动脉管壁厚度占外径的百分比（WT％）和管壁面积占血管总面积的百分比（WA％）无显著差异（P〉0．05），细支气管管壁厚度与气管外径比值（MT％），管壁面积与气管总面积比值（MA％）显著性增厚（P〈0．05）。结论4周内吸烟和脂多糖的慢性刺激主要导致慢性气道炎症、气道重塑和肺气肿的发生，对肺血管结构重建并无明显的直接影响。

The Relationship Between Airway Remodeling and Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling in Rats with Chronic Bronchitis and Emphysema

Objective To investigate the relation of airway remodeling to pulmonary vascular remodeling in chronic bronchitis and emphysema.Methods All Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups: normal group(n=5),control group(n=5),chronic bronchitis(CB) group(n=6),CB and emphysema group(n=6).The rat model of CB was established by intratracheal instillation of lipopolysaccharide(LPS).The rat model of CB and emphysema was established by intratracheal instillation of LPS and daily exposure to cigarette smog.The small pulmonary arterial morphologic changes were observed with elastic fibers staining.The thickness of the smooth muscles and collagen in the bronchial wall were measured with masson staining.Results Compared with control group,the morphometry investigation showed that the ratio of vascular wall over external diameter(WT%) and the ratio of vascular wall area over total area(WA%) were not statistically different(P>0.05).The ratio of bronchial wall over external diameter(MT%) and the ratio of bronchial wall area over total area(MA%) in the bronchiole were significantly higher(P<0.05).Conclusion Chronic stimulus from smoking and lipopolysaccharide within four weeks can result in airway inflammation,airway remodeling and pulmonary emphysema,but not effect directly pulmonary vascular remodeling.