慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期大鼠模型的建立

目的：建立大鼠COPD急性加重期模型的方法,确定滴注感染细菌的浓度。方法：雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为对照组、模型组（每组再分为高、中、低细菌浓度组,空白组）。进行一般体征的观察,基础体温的测定,感染前后血清中白细胞总数测定,肺组织病理形态的观察。结果：从对照组及COPD模型组的基础体温测定看,高浓度细菌组的基础体温高于中、低浓度组及空白组。对照组：高浓度细菌组的白细胞计数均高于对照组中、低浓度组及空白组（t=-4.012,P〈0.05;t=-3.939,P〈0.05;t=-6.52,P〈0.01）;模型组：低、中、高浓度组WBC计数高于空白组（t=-4.517,P〈0.05;t=-10.32,P〈0.01;t=-7.094,P〈0.01）;高、中浓度组WBC计数高于低浓度组（t=-4.32,P〈0.05;t=-3.86,P〈0.05）。并且无论是对照组还是模型组,高浓度细菌组感染后白细胞计数明显高于感染前白细胞计数（t=-14.319,t=-7.06,P〈0.01）。从病理学角度看,对照组的高浓度细菌组的肺组织病理学改变符合人类肺炎的病理表现,COPD模型组的高浓度细菌组的肺组织病理学改变符合人类COPD合并肺炎的病理表现。结论：用熏吸香烟加气管内注射内毒素及鼻腔反复高浓度滴入金黄色葡萄菌（细菌浓度为2.4×109cfu/mL）的方法可建立大鼠AECOPD模型,可用于实验研究。

Establishment of Rat Model of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Acute Exacerbation

Objective ： To establish a rat model of AECOPD and determine the consistency of infectious bacterium. Methods ： Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into the control group and the model group（ each group were divided high, middle, low bacterium consistency and no bacterium ）.The general symptoms, determine （ body ） temperature and quantity of WBC （ white blood cell ） in front and behing infection, and lung pathological form were observed. Result： Compared with the middle, low bacterium consistency and no bacterium group, the temperature in the high bacterium consistency group was increased.Compared with the middle, low bacterium consistency and no bacterium group, the quantity of WBC in the high bacterium consistency group was increased （t=-4.012, P〈O.OS;t=-3.939, P〈0.05 ; t=-6.52, P〈0.01 ）. Compared with no bacterium group, the quantity of WBC in the middle, low and high bacterium consistency group was increased （t=-4.517, P〈0.05; t=-10.32, P〈0.01 ; t=-7.094, P〈0.01 ）.Compared with the low bacterium consistency group, the quantity of WBC in the middle and the high bacterium consistency group was increased （ t=-4.32, P〈O.05 ; t=-3.86, P〈0.05 ）.Compared with the quantity of WBC before infection, the quantity of WBC in the high bacterium consistency group and the control group and the model group was also increased （ t=-14.319, t=-7.06, P〈0.01 ） .The lung pathological form of the high bacterium consistency group in the control group was accorded with pneumonia pathological form of human.The lung pathological form of the high bacterium consistency group in the COPD model group was accorded with AECOPD pathological form of human. Conclusions ： To establish rat model of AECOPD by passive cigarette smoking,intratracheal instillation of lipopolysacchricle （ LPY ） plus intranose instillation of staphylococcus aureus （ bacterium consistency is 2.4× 10^9 cfu/mL ） can set up AECOPD rat model to carry on experimental study. The rat model can be applied to the experimental study.