湘西地区高校大学生艾滋病知识知晓情况及影响因素分析

目的 了解湘西地区高校大学生艾滋病知识的知晓情况,分析其影响因素,为民族地区高校开展艾滋病健康教育提供参考。方法 在湘西地区3所高校分层随机整群抽取1 301名大学生采取匿名方式进行问卷调查。结果 大学生对艾滋病知识的总体知晓率为74.6%。艾滋病相关知识得分,男生高于女生(t=3.608,P＜0.01),本科生高于专科生(t=-12.223,P＜0.01),汉族学生高于少数民族学生(t=5.356,P＜0.01),不同年级、高校层次、专业、户口所在地、是否接受过健康教育、高校是否开设艾滋病健康教育或宣传比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。多因素分析发现,影响大学生艾滋病知识得分的因素有性别、高校层次、民族、专业、是否接受过艾滋病健康教育、高校是否开设艾滋病健康教育课或宣传。结论 湘西民族地区高校大学生艾滋病知识的总体知晓率有待进一步提高,其影响因素是多方面的,其中是否接受过艾滋病健康教育为最主要影响因素,高校应根据大学生的不同特征通过丰富课程内容、课外实践等途径开展宣传教育,提高大学生对艾滋病知识的认知。

Analysis of AIDS knowledge status and influencing factors among college students in Western Hunan

Objective To understand the awareness of AIDS knowledge among college students in Xiangxi area, and to analyze its influencing factors, so as to provide the reference for colleges in ethnic minority areas to carry out AIDS health education. Methods A total of 1 301 college students were randomly selected from three colleges in Western Hunan Province, and an anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted. Results The overall awareness rate of AIDS knowledge among the college students was 74.6%. The univariate analysis showed that the male students scored significantly higher than the female students (t = 3.608, P < 0.01), the undergraduates scored significantly higher than the junior college students (t = 12.223, P < 0.01), and Han students scored significantly higher than the minority students (t = 5.356, P < 0.01). There were statistically significant differences between/among different grades, university levels, specialties, residence locations, whether the students receiving health education, and whether the universities offering AIDS health education or publicity (P < 0.05). The multivariate analysis showed that the factors influencing the scores of AIDS knowledge of college students were the gender, university level, nationality, specialty, whether the students receiving AIDS health education, and whether the universities offering AIDS health education courses or publicity. Conclusion The overall awareness rate of AIDS knowledge among the college students in Xiangxi ethnic minority areas needs to be further improved, and its influencing factors are various, among which whether the students have received AIDS health education is the most important one. The colleges and universities should carry out publicity and health education through enriching course content, extracurricular practice and other ways according to the different characteristics of the college students, so as to improve their awareness of AIDS knowledge.