直肠癌同步放化疗患者营养状态与放化疗不良反应相关性分析

目的 分析直肠癌同步放化疗患者营养状态与放化疗近期不良反应的相关性。方法 收集2018-2019年间浙江省肿瘤医院收治的115例行同步放化疗的直肠癌患者,同时采用欧洲营养风险筛查工具(NRS 2002)和患者主观整体评估量表(PG-SGA)评估患者放疗期间的营养风险状况,采用美国RTOG及不良反应常见术语标准评估急性放化疗不良反应。Spearman′s分析营养状态与放化疗急性不良反应相关性。结果 从放化疗开始前到放化疗第4周患者的营养风险呈逐步增加趋势,随后营养风险又逐步下降。NRS 2002评分和PG-SGA评分均与直肠癌放化疗患者血液学不良反应(r=0.26,P<0.05;r=0.31,P<0.01)、上消化道反应(r=0.51,P<0.01;r=0.63,P<0.01)、下消化道反应(r=0.23,P<0.05;r=0.45,P<0.01)、疲劳(r=0.47,P<0.01;r=0.64,P<0.01)均呈正相关,并且PG-SGA和不同不良反应之间的相关性系数大于NRS 2002。分层分析显示Ⅱ-ⅢB期、<65岁及术后辅助放化疗患者,营养状况和不良反应程度显著相关(均P<0.05)。结论 直肠癌患者同步放化疗期间存在较高的营养不良风险,营养不良风险越高患者放化疗急性不良反应通常越大,建议加强直肠癌放化疗期间的动态营养评估及支持。

Correlation between nutritional status and toxicity of concurrent chemoradiotherapy in patients with rectal cancer

Objective To analyze the correlation between nutritional status and acute toxicity induced by concurrent chemoradiotherapy in patients with rectal cancer. Methods A total of 115 patients with rectal cancer who underwent concurrent chemoradiotherapy in Zhejiang Cancer Hospital from March 2018 to August 2019 were prospectively selected. Nutritional risk was assessed by NRS 2002 and PG-SGA nutritional screening tools before, during and after radiotherapy. The acute toxicity was assessed by RTOG and CTCAE 3.0 scoring criteria. The correlation between nutritional status and the acute toxicity of chemoradiotherapy was analyzed by Spearman′s correlation analysis. Results The nutritional risk of the cohort was gradually increased from the beginning of chemoradiotherapy to the fourth week of chemoradiotherapy, and then decreased gradually. Spearman′s correlation analysis showed that NRS 2002 and PG-SGA scores were positively correlated with acute hematological toxicity (r=0.26, P<0.05;r=0.31, P<0.01), upper gastrointestinal toxicity (r=0.51, P<0.01;r=0.63, P<0.01), proctitis (r=0.23, P<0.05;r=0.45, P<0.01) and fatigue (r=0.47, P<0.01;r=0.64, P<0.01) in patients with rectal cancer undergoing chemoradiotherapy. The correlation coefficients between PG-SGA and various toxicities were higher than those of NRS 2002. Stratified analysis showed that patients with stage Ⅱ-Ⅲ B, age<65 years and postoperative adjuvant chemoradiotherapy, nutritional status was significantly associated with the severity of toxicity (all P<0.05). Conclusions Patients with rectal cancer has a high risk of malnutrition during concurrent chemoradiotherapy. The higher the risk of malnutrition, the greater the acute toxicity of chemoradiotherapy. Therefore, dynamic nutrition assessment and nutritional support should be strengthened for rectal cancer patients during chemoradiotherapy.