早期心脏康复对先心病患儿介入术后心功能及运动耐力的影响

目的 探索早期心脏康复在先心病介入术治疗患儿中应用对心功能、运动耐力的影响。方法 在我科2017年1月—2019年8月收诊的先心病介入术治疗患儿中选出100例为研究对象,根据术后护理方法分组,对照组患儿给予常规护理措施,实验组患儿在此基础上给予早期心脏康复护理,对比两组的术后心电监护时间、术后住院时间、心功能、6 min步行距离、生存质量评分等。结果 实验组患儿术后心电监护时间和住院时间均短于对照组,t值分别为6.803、9.369,P＜0.001;术前两组的LVEF、LVED差异无统计学意义,t值分别为0.354、0.380,P值为0.724、0.705,术后12周,两组的LVEF、LVED差异无统计学意义,t值分别为0.666、0.659,P值为0.507、0.511;实验组内LVEF、LVED差异有统计学意义,t值分别是7.841、6.055,P＜0.001,对照组内LVEF、LVED差异有统计学意义,t值分别是7.294、4.871,P＜0.001;术后12周,实验组的6 min步行距离长于对照组,t值为7.617,P＜0.001;术后12周生存质量量表的心脏症状、外貌感受、治疗焦虑、认知心理、交流沟通评分比较:实验组均高于对照组,t值分别是5.133、4.603、4.073、3.843、4.361,P＜0.001。结论 早期心脏康复在先心病介入术患儿中应用效果肯定,有助于促进患儿术后运动耐力的改善,促进患儿术后早日康复,提高生存质量。

Effect of early cardiac rehabilitation on cardiac function and exercise endurance in children with congenital heart disease after interventional surgery

Objective To explore the effect of early cardiac rehabilitation on cardiac function and exercise endurance in children with congenital heart disease after interventional surgery. Methods From January 2017 to August 2019, 100 children with congenital heart disease after interventional surgery were selected as the research objects and they were divided into a control group and a trial group according to the postoperative nursing method. The children in the control group received the routine nursing measures and on this basis, the children in the trial group were given early cardiac rehabilitation care. The postoperative ECG monitoring time, postoperative hospital stay, cardiac function, 6-min walking distance, and quality of life scores were observed and compared between the two groups. Results The postoperative ECG monitoring time and hospital stay of the trial group were shorter than those of the control group (t=6.803, 9.369, both P<0.001). Before the operation, there were no significant differences in LVEF and LVED between the two groups (t=0.354, 0.380, P=0.724, 0.705); at 12 weeks after the operation, there was no significant difference between the two groups in LVEF and LVED (t=0.666, 0.659, P=0.507, 0.511). There were significant differences in LVEF and LVED in the trial group (t=7.841, 6.055, both P<0.001), and there were significant differences in LVEF and LVED in the control group (t=7.294, 4.871, both P<0.001). At 12 weeks after the operation, the 6-min walking distance of the trial group was longer than that of the control group (t=7.617, P<0.001). In the quality of life scale at 12 weeks after operation, the scores of cardiac symptoms, appearance feeling, treatment anxiety, cognitive psychology, and communication in the trial group were higher than those in the control group (t=5.133, 4.603, 4.073, 3.843, 4.361, all P<0.001). Conclusion The early cardiac rehabilitation has a positive effect in children with congenital heart disease after interventional surgery, which helps to improve the postoperative exercise endurance of the children, promote the early recovery of the children after surgery, and improve the quality of life.