单细胞PCR用于HLA配型的研究

目的研究用筑巢式多重PCR技术对单细胞进行HLA配型，分析影响单细胞PCR扩增的因素。方法首先分别采用不同的细胞裂解方法制备单细胞DNA模板，然后采用多重PCR分别扩增HLA—A，B基因的第2、3外显子和第2内含子区域，HLA—DRB1基因的第2外显子区域，最后根据大量DNA的常规HLA分型结果对单细胞第1轮扩增产物进行第2轮筑巢式序列特异性引物PCR（PCR-SSP）分型。结果酶解法制备单细胞DNA模板效率最高，第1轮扩增成功率为93．3％，而碱裂法和冻融法分别为83．3％和73．3％；采用酶解法制备单细胞DNA模板进行第2轮PCR—SSP分型验证，20份标本扩增成功率为95％，有3份标本只扩增出一条染色体，等位基因脱扣发生率为15％，全部操作可在6h内完成。结论筑巢式多重PCR技术对单细胞HLA分型具有较高的扩增效率，操作时间短，可望应用于妊娠前诊断。

Study of single cell PCR for HLA typing

OBJECTIVE: To apply the single cell nested multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to HLA typing, and analyze the influence factors on the amplification results. METHODS: Single cell DNA templates were prepared with different methods. The exon 2, 3 and intron 2 of HLA-A, B, and exon 2 of DRBI were amplified using multiplex PCR. The second round of SSP-PCR HLA typing was carried out according to the large scale routine HLA typing results. RESULTS: Enzyme lysis method was the most efficient procedure for preparing the single cell DNA template, with a success rate (SR) of 93.3%, while the SRs of alkali lysis and freezing-thaw lysis methots were 83.3% and 73.3%, respectively. The second round amplification using enzyme lysis and SSP-PCR in 20 samples obtained a 95% success rate and a 15% allele drop out rate. The time for performing the whole procedure was less than 6 hours. CONCLUSION: The modified nested multiplex PCR technique is efficient for single cell HLA typing and might be applied to clinical preimplantation genetic diagnosis.