关于眼球轴线和角度的研究进展

在眼球这个复杂的光学系统中,存在着各种不同的轴线(视轴、光轴、瞳孔轴)和角度(Alpha角和Kappa角).视轴指连接光源和视网膜黄斑中心凹并通过节点的连线,瞳孔轴是经过瞳孔中心垂直角膜前平面的线,两者之间的夹角被称作Kappa角.Alpha角是指视轴和光轴之间的夹角.在屈光手术确定角膜削切中心的正确位置和斜视手术设计更为准确的矫正量时,Kappa角是一个很重要的参数;在白内障手术植入多焦点人工晶状体时,Alpha角和Kappa角是很重要的参数.近年来,眼科医生对Kappa角越来越关注,认为Kappa角的大小会影响植入多焦点人工晶状体患者的视觉质量.本文回顾Alpha角和Kappa角认识的历程,阐述两者的定义和影响因素,并对两者在眼科领域的应用进行综述.

Various axes and angles of optical system of the eyeball

In the complex optical system of the eyeball,there are various axes (visual axis,optical axis,pupil axis) and angles(Alpha angle and Kappa angle).The visual axis is defined as the line connecting the fixation point with the fovea;the papillary axis is the line passes through the center of the entrace pupil and vertical cornea plane,and the angle between the visual axis and the papillary axis is Kappa angle.While Alpha angle is refer to the angle between visual axis and optical axis.The Kappa angle is a very important parameter when correcting position of the corneal resection center during refractive surgery and designing more accurate corrections during strabismus surgery.The Alpha and Kappa angles are important parameters when cataract patients are implanted with multifocal intraocular lens.In recent years,ophthalmologists have become increasingly concerned about the Kappa angle,and more and more people think that the Kappa angle affects the visual quality of patients implanted with multifocal intraocular lens.This paper will examine the process of understanding the Alpha and Kappa angles,explored the definitions and influencing factors of the Alpha and Kappa angles,and summarize the applications of the Alpha and Kappa angles in the field of ophthalmology.