91例癫痫儿童临床表现及脑电图分析

目的:分析儿童癫痫的临床及脑电图特征。方法:纳入癫痫儿童91例,收集其临床及脑电图资料,进行回顾性分析。结果:本组患儿平均发病年龄为(4.9±3.0)岁。发作类型中,全面性发作53例(58.2%),局灶性发作38例(41.8%)。明确诊断的癫痫综合征有婴儿痉挛症4例(4.4%),失神发作3例(3.3%),儿童良性癫痫伴中央颞区棘波20例(22.0%)。脑电图异常部位分布中,全头部均有痫样放电者19例(20.9%),痫样放电局限于半球者13例(14.3%)。癫痫儿童发作持续时间5 min者45例(49.5%),5~10 min者33例(36.3%),10 min者13例(14.2%);中颞起源的癫痫患儿中,痫性发作持续时间5及5~10 min者各占37.5%,10 min者25%。结论:儿童癫痫主要集中在4~7岁年龄段,以全面性发作类型为主。脑电图异常部位主要以多灶性起源为主。儿童癫痫发作时间以5 min为主。中颞起源的癫痫儿童出现发作持续时间10 min的可能性较大。

Analysis of Clinical Features and Electroencephalograms of Ninety-one Children with Epilepsy

Objective:To analyze the clinical features and electroencephalogram profiles of 91 children with epilepsy.Methods:Collect the clinical data and electroencephalograms of 91 children with epilepsy.Retrospective analysis was conducted.Results:The average onset age was (4.9±3.0) years old.About the seizure type,there were 53 cases (58.2％) with generalized seizures and 38 cases (41.8％) with focal seizures.About the diagnosed epilepsy syndrome,there were 4 cases (4.4％) with infantile spasms,3 cases (3.3％) with absence seizures and 20 cases (22.0％) with benign childhood epilepsy with centro-temporal spikes.About the abnormal electroencephalogram locations,there were 19 cases (20.9％) located in whole sphere and 13 cases (14.3％) located in hemisphere.About the seizure duration,it was ＜5 min in 45 cases (49.5％),5 ～ 10 min in 33 cases (36.3％)and ＞10 min in 13 cases (14.2％).Of those cases located in medial temporal,the seizure duration was ＜5 min in 37.5％ of cases,5 ～ 10 min in 37.5％ of cases,and ＞10 min in 25％ of cases.Conclusion:Epilepsy mostly happens in children aging 4 ～ 7 years old.Generalized seizures seem to more common than focal seizures.Most of the children have multifocal abnormal electroencephalograms.The seizure durations are mostly less than 5 minutes.Cases located in medial temporal more likely suffer longer seizure duration (＞ 10 min).