不同新辅助化疗方案治疗乳腺癌的临床观察

目的 比较两组不同新辅助化疗方案治疗乳腺癌的疗效及毒性反应。方法 用FEC、ET化疗方案治疗Ⅱ、Ⅲ期乳腺癌48例,3－4周为1个周期。所有患者完成2个周期新辅助化疗后评价疗效。FEC方案：氟尿嘧啶（5－Fu）500mg/m^2,d1,8,静脉注射。ET方案：EPI60mg/m^2,d1,静脉注射;紫杉醇（TAX）150mg/m^2,d2,持续3h静脉滴注。结果 FEC组的总有效率为50.0%（12／24）,其中临床完全缓解（cCR）1例,部分缓解（PR）11例,无变化（NC）12例;ET组的总有效率为79.2%（19／24）,其中cCR1例,PR18例,NC5例。两组均无病理完全缓解及进展者,Ⅱ期疗效高于Ⅲ期。48例患者新辅助化疗前患侧腋窝均可触及肿大淋巴结,化疗2个周期后,FEC组有12例（50.0%）未触及肿大淋巴结,ET组有16例（66.7%）未触及肿大淋巴结。两组白细胞下降、胃肠道反应相似;ET组脱发程度较重,并伴有关节肌肉疼痛、神经毒性以及面色潮红等毒性反应。结论 两组新辅助化疗方案对乳腺癌治疗均有效,毒性反应均可耐受。ET组疗效及毒性反应均高于FEC组。

Evaluation of two different regimens as neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer

OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy and toxicity of two different regimens as neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer. METHODS: Forty-eight patients with stage II, III breast cancer as proved by cytology biopsy, were treated with either 5-Fu, epirubicin, cyclophosphamide (FEC) or epirubicin, paclitaxel (ET) regimens for 2 cycles every 3 - 4 weeks. Clinical responses in the breast and lymph nodes were assessed after 2 cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Patients in FEC arm received combination of 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) 500 mg/m(2) by 4-hour continuous infusion on D1 and D8, epirubicin (EPI) 50 mg/m(2) by intravenous injection on D1, and cyclophosphamide (CTX) 500 mg/m(2) by intravenous injection on D1 and D8. Patients assigned to the ET arm received EPI 60 mg/m(2) by intravenous injection on D1, paclitaxel (TAX) 150 mg/m(2) by 3-hour continuous infusion on D2. All patients were treated by operation 2 weeks later and radiotherapy was added to some. RESULTS: For primary tumor in the breast, the overall response rate (RR) was 50.0% (12/24) in FEC arm and 79.2% (19/24) in ET arm. One patient showed clinical complete response (cCR), 11 partial response (PR), 12 no change (NC) after the FEC therapy, while 1 patient showed CR, 18 PR, 5 NC after ET therapy. There was no pathologic complete response or progressive disease, though a higher proportion of RR was observed in stage II than stage III patients in these two groups. Clinically palpable axillary lymph nodes which had been found in all 48 patients before 2 cycles of treatment, 50.0% (12/24) in the FEC patients and 66.7% (16/24) in the ET patients became in-palpable. The major toxicity, including leukopenia, gastroenteric reactions, were similar in both groups, but alopecia was more severe and arthralgia, myalgia, neurotoxicity and flushing of face were the unique features of the ET regimen. CONCLUSION: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy with two different regimens were effective to the primary tumor and axillary metastatic lymph nodes of breast cancer, and the side effects were tolerable. Higher efficacy and more side effects are observed in ET than in FEC regimen.