地中海贫血的产前筛查和基因诊断

目的 分析孕妇血液学指标与地中海贫血(简称地贫)各基因型的关系,探讨地贫产前筛查的可靠依据.方法 在本院所有产前检查人群中广泛开展地贫的血液学筛查,进行阳性病例基因检测,确诊后筛查配偶,夫妇患同型地贫者进行产前诊断;疑似β地贫夫妇行β基因突变热点测序、比对,探查未知突变.结果 疑似地贫孕妇115例,确诊73例,夫妇同患α地贫1对、β地贫3对,产前诊断重型地贫患儿3例.Hb、MCV、RBC、RDW、HbA2在α、β、α/β与β/β间差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).疑似β地贫的样本大多呈2～5个SNP杂合状态.结论 重庆为β地贫的高发区，红细胞参数和定量血红蛋白电泳是筛查地贫的重要指标,gap-PCR、PCR-RDB、基因测序可明确诊断,切实干预地贫的出生缺陷.

Prenatal screening and genetic diagnosis of thalassemia

Objective To explore reliable evidences for thalassemic prenatal screening by investigating the corresponding relationship of hematologic indexes and thalassemic genotypes in pregnant women. Methods Generally hematologic detection for thalassemia was carried out on the peripheral venous blood samples of all prenatal checked-up expectant mother. Those suspectable thalassemic sufferers were further identified by gene diagnosis, and then the husband was detected when his wife was thalassemic patient. For the c...