轮叶党参总皂苷抗突变作用的实验研究

[目的]探讨轮叶党参总皂苷的抗突变作用。[方法]用小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核试验、Ames试验及单细胞凝胶电泳试验，在体内和体外研究了轮叶党参总皂苷对直接或间接诱变剂遗传毒性损伤的保护作用。[结果]轮叶党参总皂苷可以明显抑制由环磷酰胺诱发的小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核，并呈剂量-效应关系。体外培养的大鼠淋巴细胞同时用轮叶党参总皂苷和环磷酰胺处理时，DNA损伤细胞明显减少，且随着总皂苷浓度的升高，DNA损伤细胞逐渐减少。在未加S9时，3种浓度的轮叶党参总皂苷均明显抑制1FA98和TA100回复突变，其作用强度随浓度增高而逐渐增强。在加S9后，抗突变作用大于未加S9。[结论]轮叶党参总皂苷是抗突变活性成分。

Experimental Studies on the Anti-mutagenic Effect of the Total Saponin of Codonopsis Lanceolata

The protective effects of the total saponin of Codonopsis Lanceolata on genetic damage induced by direct or indirect mutagens were studied in vivo and in vitro. By means of micronucleus test of bone marrow cell,Ames test and single cell gel electrophoresis(SCGE) assay. The results showed that the total saponin of Codonopsis Lanceolata inhibited induction of micronuclei induced by cyclophosphamide(CP) in bone marrow cells of mice with dose-dependent relation ship. When the lymphocytes were simultaneously treated with the total saponin and CP,the number of cells with DNA damage was significantly reduced,and the effect depended on the concentration of the total saponin. In strains of TA98 and TA100 with or without S9,three different concentrations of the total saponin showed an anti-mutagenicity ranging from weak to strong,depending on concentration of the test samples.Furthermore,the anti-mutagenic effects were stronger with S9 mixture than these without S9 mixture. [Conclusion] These results suggest that the saponin is an anti-mutagenic active compound in Codonopsis Lanceolata.