汶川地震灾后半年及1年都江堰安置点432例群众心理状况对照研究

目的探讨汶川地震半年及1年后,都江堰地震灾区群众的心理健康状况及其变化情况,并探索其心理健康状况变化的可能影响因素。方法采用创伤后应激障碍检查量表平民版（PCP-C）、贝克抑郁自评量表（BDI）、汉密尔顿焦虑量表（HAMA）分别在震后半年和1年对都江堰安置点受灾群众的创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）症状、焦虑及抑郁情绪进行评估,并实施相关的灾后心理健康教育。结果地震灾区群众震后半年及1年的PTSD症状发生率分别为18.3%、6%;抑郁症状发生率为21.6%、8.4%;焦虑症状发生率为19.7%、5.6%。结论震后1年较之震后半年灾区群众PTSD、抑郁及焦虑症状发生率明显降低,该结果可能对研究对象开展心理健康教育及政府、社会、家庭的支持等有关。

Comparative Study on the Mental Health Status among 432 Survivors in the Settlement of Dujiangyan Half and One-year After Wenchuan Earthquake

Objective To explore the mental health status and it’s changes among survivors of the 5.12 earthquake half year and one year post-disaster,and evaluate the possible influencing factors of mental health.Methods General questionnaire,Post-traumatic etress reaction checklist,Beck Depression Inventory（BDI）,Hamilton Anxiety Scale were used to evaluate survivors in Dujiangyan in 6,12 months after earthquake.Results Among the survivors interviewed,the rates of PTSD were 18.3% and 6%,depressions were 21.6% and 8.4%,and anxiety were 19.7% and5.6%.Conclusion The rates of depression,anxiety and PTSD in survivors of the disaster in 1 year after the disaster were significantly lower than those in 6 months after the disaster,this result may relate to the mental health education and the support of their family,the society and the government.