住院抑郁症患者与精神分裂症患者自杀行为的分析

目的比较住院抑郁症患者与精神分裂症患者自杀行为的发生率、临床特征及自杀死亡率的差异。方法采用病史资料,精神检查和量表评定的方法 ,确定抑郁症32例,精神分裂症62例为研究对象,并在出院5年后追踪调查其自杀的情况。结果住院患者抑郁发作的自杀率为80.0%,自杀未遂为52.5%,精神分裂症自杀行为的发生率为32.4%,其中自杀未遂为21.9%,两类疾病自杀行为的人数所占百分比经卡方检验,差异显著(χ2=9.594,P0.01)。抑郁症自杀行为的影响因素以抑郁情绪为主(100%),绝望是自杀的直接原因,妄想(56.2%)、焦虑(25.0%)等次之;精神分裂症患者自杀的主要因素为幻觉妄想(59.7%),抑郁情绪(26.6%)次之。抑郁症与精神分裂症伴有自杀行为的患者5年追踪结果显示:两类患者都有自杀死亡行为,抑郁症的自杀死亡率高于精神分裂症(11.1%和8.8%)。结论抑郁症和精神分裂症的自杀需要长期的药物及心理干预。

Analysis of Suicidal Behavior in Patients with Depression and Schizophrenia

Objective To compare the differences of the incidence of suicidal behavior,clinical features and suicide mortality in inpatients with depression and schizophrenia. Methods History information, mental status examination and scale evaluation methods were used to identify 32 cases of depression and 62 cases of schizophrenia,and suicide situation after 5 years was follow up. Results The suicide rate of depressive episode inpatients was 80.0%, 52.5% of them attempted suicide. The incidence of suicidal behavior in schizophrenia was 32.4 %, 21.9 % of which attempted suicides. The percentage of suicidal behavior the two types of patients by the Chi-square test was significant different （x^2= 9. 594 ;P〈0.01）. Depression was the main factors of scuicidal behavior （100%）, despair was the direct cause of suicide, delusions （56.2 % ） and anxiety （25.0 % ） were secondary; the main factors of suicide in patients with schizophrenia was hallucination delusion （59.7 % ）,depressed mood （26.6 %） followed. The results that de- pression and schizophrenia patients arcmpained by suicidal behavior were followed up after 5 years showed that ： two patients both committed suicide behavior,the suicide mortdity of depression was higher than that of schizophrenia （11.1 % and 8. 8）. Conclusion Suicide behavior of depression and schizophrenia require long-term medication and psychological intervention.