社区退休老人心理健康水平的调查分析

目的探讨退休老人的心理健康状况及影响因素。方法采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)对社区215名退休老人进行团体测试。结果 1该社区不同性别的退休老人在躯体化、焦虑、恐怖、精神病等4个因子上存在差异,男性分均低于女性(t=2.682,t=2.606,t=2.684,t=2.207;P0.01或0.05);2退休老人仅在焦虑因子上,文化程度低的高于文化程度高的(F=4.796,P0.05);3退休前从事不同职业的老人在人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑因子上有明显差异(F=6.241,F=4.952,F=5.004;P0.05);4绝大部分的退休老人更容易出现以下10项阳性症状:容易忘记,感觉迟钝、活动减慢,腰痛,对异性的兴趣减低,容易烦恼和激动,感到要很快把事情做完,做事反复检查,醒的太早,感到自己身体有严重问题,睡得不稳不深。结论该社区退休老人的心理健康水平存在性别、文化程度及退休前从事职业的差异。

Survey and Analysis of the Level of Mental Health of the Retired aged in a Community

Objective To explore the level of mental health of the retired aged, as well as the influencing factors. Methods A total of 215 retired aged in a community were tested by using SCL-90. Results ①The women and men retired agged had singnificant differences on four factors scores, shch as somatization,depression,anxiety,phobic anxiety and psychonosis factors （P 〈0. 01）;②The retired old people engaged in different education levels had singificant difference on the anxiety factor scores（P〈0.05） ;③The retired old people engaged in different occupations before their retiring had singnificant differences on the three factor score,such as interpersonal sensitivity,depression and the anxiety factor scores（P〈0.05） ;④The vast majority of retired old people were more likely to have the following 10 positive symptoms：forgetfulness,disesthesia slowing of activity, lumbar pain,decreased interest in sex,beirg easy to annoy and exite, to fell things done quickly,repeated inspections after work, waking up too early ,and felling serious problems in their own. Conclusion The level of mental health of the aged is affected by sex, educational level and pre-retired occupation.