天津地区青春期女子PCOS发病情况及相关因素的初步调查

目的：了解天津地区青春期女子多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）的患病情况及发病相关因素，研究青春期PCOS的临床特征。方法：以2003年ESHRE／ASRE建议诊断标准，按流行病学分层整群抽样方法调查天津地区4856例青春期女中学生中PCOS的患病状况，并对PCOS发病的相关因素进行探讨。结果：（1）天津地区青春期PCOS的可疑患病率约为12．82％。（2）青春期女子中月经紊乱者占31．27％，可疑病例组与非病例组比较，月经初潮年龄提早及延迟发生比率高（P〈0．05）；多毛、痤疮的发生率在月经稀发和继发闭经组显著高于月经规律组（P〈0．05）；可疑病例组母亲月经紊乱、父母亲糖尿病、母亲甲状腺疾病的发生率显著高于非病例组（P〈O．05）。（3）20例青春期PCOS患者临床表现以月经紊乱和高雄激素、胰岛素抵抗为特征。月经紊乱中以月经稀发和继发闭经为主。结论：（1）青春期女子月经初潮年龄提早及延迟、初潮后月经稀发、继发闭经，可能是发生PCOS的危险信号。（2）青春期PCOS者临床表现以月经紊乱、高雄激素血症、胰岛素抵抗为特征，月经紊乱中以月经稀发和闭经为主。（3）父母亲的一些遗传表型，母亲月经紊乱、甲状腺疾病、父母亲糖尿病的发生对于青春期PCOS是与遗传有关的危险因素。

The primary investigation of the related factors of the polycystic ovary syndrome in adolescents in Tianjin

Objective： To investigate the prevalence and characters of the adolescencts with polycystic ovary syndrome （PCOS） in Tianjin. Methods： With cluster sampling epidemic method,4 856 adolescent girls from Tianjin were investigated by ESHRE/ASRE criteria and some relevant factors with PCOS were analyzed. Rusults： （1）From the questionnaire, the incidence of suspected PCOS cases was 12.82%. （2）In the adolescents , menstrual disorder rate was 31.27%, the menarche age early or delayed, as well as incidence of hirsutism, ache were all significantly higher in the suspected group than that in the regular menstrual group （P〈0.05）; the number of mothers with menstrual disorders, parents with DM, mothers with thyroid gland diseases in the suspected PCOS group was significantly higher than that in the regular menstrual group（P〈0.05）. （3） Oligomenorrhea , secondary amenorrhea and hyperandrogenism were the main clinical and biochemical features in the PCOS group. Conclusion： （1）Early or delayed menarche, oligomenorrhea, as well as secondary amenorrhea in adolescent girls maybe the early risk signs of PCOS. （2） Oligomenorrhea, secondary amenorrhea, hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance are the main clinical and biochemical features in the PCOS group. （3）Mother with menstrual disorders, parents with DM, mother with thyroid gland disease are the risk factors correlated with inheritance.