幕下小脑桥静脉的显微解剖与影像学观察及其临床意义

目的通过幕下小脑桥静脉的显微解剖、影像学观察及其对照研究,为幕下小脑上手术入路中桥静脉的保护提供形态学基础。方法分别对20例(40侧)上矢状窦和颈内静脉灌注蓝色乳胶的成人头颅湿标本、22例(40侧)DSA静脉相、20例(40侧)CTV和20例(40侧)MRV图像进行观测。结果以显微解剖结果作为对照标准,DSA、CTV和MRV分别观察到89%、40%和38%的桥静脉,测得的直径值分别大11%、17%和33%。桥静脉注入硬脑膜处的形态分为直接或经脑膜静脉(小脑幕窦)间接注入两种,脑膜静脉在影像学上表现为信号的不连续、缺失或者局部强度增加。桥静脉注入硬脑膜处主要分布在窦汇附近、小脑幕和岩上窦前部。结论术前影像学检查有助于幕下小脑上手术入路的设计和术中桥静脉的保护。

Microanatomy and imageology of cerebellar bridging veins below the tentorium and its clinical significance

Objective To correlate microanatomy of cerebellar bridging veins below the tentorium with its venograms,and provide anatomic basis for the preservation of cerebellar bridging veins during the infratentorial supracerebellar route.Methods A total of 20 human cadavers(40 sides) and 62 patients(120 sides) were examined in this study.Each head of the cadavers was injected with blue-coloured latex via the superior sagittal sinus and internal jugular veins.The venograms of each patient was obtained from the venous...