江苏省食盐加碘前后人群碘营养状况变化分析

目的：分析江苏省食盐加碘前后人群碘营养状况的变化情况，为食盐加碘防治碘缺乏病策略与措施调整提供依据。方法：采用1995年-2009年间江苏省开展的7次省级碘缺乏病病情监测调查结果进行比较。结果：8～10岁学龄儿童尿碘中位数从1995年的不足100μg／L（为85μ／L）上升至1999年的最高点（406．6μg／L），至2005年调整回落到243．5μg／L，2009年重新上升至325．3μg／L；盐碘含量均值随着国家食盐加碘浓度的调整而变化，近年来稳定在30mg／kg左右；各次调查尿碘中位数和盐碘均数相关系数r为0．863（P〈0．05）；以20-50mg／kg计，合格碘盐食用率于2002年起始终保持在94％以上；触诊和B超法检测甲状腺肿大率分别由17．43％（1995年）、8．75％（1997年）下降至2009年的1．70％和1．00％。结论：江苏省食盐加碘后人群碘营养状况明显改善，建议保持运行监测-反馈-调整的碘缺乏病防治机制，补充完善碘缺乏病防治指标体系，增加特需人群碘营养监测。

Analysis on iodine status changes of people before and after salt iodization in Jiangsu province

Objective： To provide suggestions for further iodine deficiency disorders （IDD） strategy and measurement by analysis changes on iodine status of people before and after salt iodization in Jiangsu Province. Methods： To compare with the seven survey dataset get by people＇s proportional sampling （PPS） method from the year 1995 to 2009 in Jiangsu Province. Resuits： Median of urine iodine of children aged 8 to 10 years varied from 85.0μg/L （less than 100μg/L） in 1995 to the highest 406.6μg/L in 1999, then went down to 243.5μg/L in 2005, and again rose to 325.3μg/L in 2009. Mean of household salt iodine changed correspondingly with the national iodized salt concentration adjustment, which stabled at about 30mg/kg around 2005 to 2009. Relation coefficient between median of urine iodine and mean of salt iodization （r） was 0. 863 （P〈0. 05）. With the criteria between 20 to 50 mg/kg, household usage rates of adequately iodized salt have steadily been above 94% since 2002. Thyroid goiter rate measured by palpation and ultrasound dropped from 17. 4% in 1995 and 8. 8% in 1997 to 1.7 % and 1.0% in 2009, respectively. Conclusions： Iodine status of people in Jiangsu Province has been proved remarkably since salt iodization in 1995. We suggest we should hold on the effective system of surveillance--feedback--adjustment of IDD prevention and control and reinforce the indicators system by adding iodine status surveillance on the special--need people, such as pregnant or lactation women, new--marriage young ladies, infants, and so on.