纯钛种植体表面改性对骨结合的影响

背景：研究表明，对种植体表面进行化学、物理、生物化学等改性，可以显著提高种植体表面的生物学活性和骨结合强度。目的：综述并比较不同纯钛表面改性方法对骨结合的影响。方法：以“纯钛、种植体、种植、种植体表面、表面改性、生物活性、生物相容性、骨结合、研究进展”为中文关键词，以“pure titanium，implants，plant，the surface of the implant，surface modification，biological activity，biocompatibility，osseointegration，research progress”为英文关键词，用计算机检索CNKI数据库、万方数据库和PubMed数据库。结果与结论：钛具有稳定的化学性能、良好的生物相容性及较高的抗断裂强度，因而在种植修复中被广泛应用，但钛种植体是一种生物惰性材料，直接植入人体后的生物相容性和生物学活性较差，影响其与骨的结合。为提高种植体骨结合强度，目前最为有效的方法是对纯钛表面进行改性。大多数研究表明，经过改性后的种植体具有一定的骨诱导作用，可促使骨细胞在其表面黏附、增殖、分化及矿化。钛种植体经过物理、化学、生物化学等改性处理后，其表面形貌、化学成分、表面粗糙度及亲水性能等发生改变，从而提高了种植体的生物相容性和生物活性，促进了骨结合的发生。

Effects of surface modification of titanium implants on the osseointegration

BACKGROUND： Studies have shown that modifying implant surface through chemical, physical, biological means can enhance the biological activity and favor the occurrence of osseointegration effectively.
OBJECTIVE： To review and compare the effects of different methods of surface modification of titanium on osseointegration.
METHODS： The CNKI, Wanfang, and PubMed were searched by computer using the keywords of “pure titanium, implants, plant, the surface of the implant, surface modification, biological activity, biocompatibility, osseointegration, research progress” in Chinese and English, respectively.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： Titanium has good biocompatibility, stable chemical properties and high fracture strength, and therefore it is widely used in implant repair. But titanium is a kind of biological inert material, and shows poor biocompatibility and biological activities. Titanium implants directly implanted into the body is bad for the occurrence of osseointegration. For improving the occurrence of implant osseointegration, the modification of titanium metal surface is one of the most effective methods. Most of the studies have shown that after modification, the implants with osteoinduction effect can promote adhesion, proliferation, differentiation and mineralization of bone cells on the surface. The surface treatment of implants is an important way to improve the performance of implants, such as physics, chemistry, biochemistry modification and so on. After modification, the surface morphology, chemical composition, surface roughness and hydrophilicity of implants can be altered, so as to improve the biocompatibility and biological activity of the titanium implants, and to promote the occurrence of osteoinduction.