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Quantification of liver iron overload disease with laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
Authors:Philipp Kim  Sabine Weiskirchen  Ricarda Uerlings  Astrid Kueppers  Florian Stellmacher  André Viveiros  Heinz Zoller  Ralf Weiskirchen
Affiliation:1.Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), RWTH University Hospital Aachen,Aachen,Germany;2.Central Institute for Engineering, Electronics and Analytics, ZEA-3, Forschungszentrum Jülich,Jülich,Germany;3.Pathology, Research Center Borstel,Borstel,Germany;4.Department of Internal Medicine II,Medical University of Innsbruck,Innsbruck,Austria
Abstract:

Background

Hereditary hemochromatosis is the most frequent, identified, genetic disorder in Caucasians affecting about 1 in 1000 people of Northern European ancestry, where the associated genetic defect (homozygosity for the p.Cys282Tyr polymorphism in the HFE gene) has a prevalence of approximately 1:200. The disorder is characterized by excess iron stores in the body. Due to the incomplete disease penetrance of disease-associated genotype, genetic testing and accurate quantification of hepatic iron content by histological grading of stainable iron, quantitative chemical determination of iron, or imaging procedures are important in the evaluation and staging of hereditary hemochromatosis.

Methods

We here established novel laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry protocols for hepatic metal bio-imaging for diagnosis of iron overload.

Results

We demonstrate that these protocols are a significant asset in the diagnosis of iron overload allowing iron measurements and simultaneous determination of various other metals and metalloids with high sensitivity, spatial resolution, and quantification ability.

Conclusions

The simultaneous measurement of various metals and metalloids offers unique opportunities for deeper understanding of metal imbalances. Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) is a highly powerful and sensitive technique for the analysis of a variety of solid samples with high spatial resolution. We conclude that this method is an important add-on to routine diagnosis of iron overload and associated hepatic metal dysbalances resulting thereof.
Keywords:
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