山西省鼠疫流行病学调查结果

目的 分析山西省鼠疫监测点2004-2008年流行病学调查结果,了解鼠密度、媒介数量与鼠疫流行的关系.为山西省鼠疫防治工作提供科学依据.方法 采用资料回顾性方法,收集2004-2008年山西省12个监测县(区)鼠疫监测结果,按照"鼠疫监测方案"对所收集到的资料进行整理,分析乌尔黄鼠(简称黄鼠)、子午沙鼠(简称沙鼠)、小型鼠类的鼠密度和鼠体蚤、洞干蚤、窝巢蚤蚤指数和染蚤率,统计血清学检查结果.结果 2004-2008年,平均密度黄鼠为1.12只/hm2,沙鼠密度为7.42%(2130/28 700),小型鼠类密度为8.03%(3886/48 400).黄鼠鼠体染蚤率为25.78%(1933/7497)、蚤指数0.59;沙鼠鼠体染蚤率44.19%(2028/4598)、蚤指数1.84.挖剿黄鼠巢362个,获染蚤巢70个,获蚤333只,染蚤率为19.34%(70/362),蚤指数为0.92;挖剿沙鼠巢177个,获染蚤巢34个,获蚤124只,染蚤率为19.21%(34/177),蚤指数为0.70.探黄鼠洞7171个,获染蚤洞干62个,洞干染蚤率为0.86%(62/7171),蚤指数为0.01.鼠血清学检验结果均为阴性.结论 山西省鼠疫监测点的主要宿主数量及媒介密度仍较高,尽管血清学检验未检出阳性结果,但鉴于周边省份动物鼠疫流行特征.仍存在异地疫源传入引起鼠疫发生和流行的可能.

Abstract：

Objective To analyze the data collected from surveillance sites in Shanxi province in epidemiological investigations during 2004 - 2008 and understand the influence of such factors as rat density and vectorial quantities on plague epidemic intensity, thus provide some scientific basis for plague control and prevention. Methods To collect the data of surveillance during 2004 - 2008 in the 12 counties of plague surveillance by retrospective method. Sort and analyze the collected data according to the requirement of operational scheme for plague surveillance-calculate the rat density of spermophilus dauricus, meriones meridianus and the small rodents, and the flea index and the flea infection ratio of body flea, burrow track, cave. The results of serological tests were analyzed at the same time. Results As showed in the results, the mean density of spermophilus dauricus was 1.12 merely in each hectare, and that of meriones meridianus and small rodents were 7.42%(2130/28 700) and 8.03%(3886/48 400), respectively. The flea infection rate of spermophilus dauricus and meriones meridianas were 25.78% ( 1933/7497 ) and 44.19% (2028/4598), respectively;the flea index of spermophilus dauricus and meriones meridianus were 0.59 and 1.84, respectively. The number of nests excavated with flea for spermophilus dauricus was 70, and the numbers of nests and flea were 362 and 333, respectively. The flea infection rate was 19.34 % (70/362), and the flea index was 0.92. The number of nests excavated with flea for meriones meridianus was 34, and the numbers of nests and flea were 177 and 124, respectively. The flea infection rate was 19.21%(34/177), and the flea index was 0.70. The number of caves explored for spermophilus dauricus was 7171,and the number of burrows with flea was 62, so the flea infection rate was 0.86%(62/7171 ), and the flea index was 0.01. Conclusions With a relatively high density and large quantity and considering the epidemic features of animal plague in periphery provinces in recent years, plague may still happen and spread in Shanxi province diespite the negative results of all those serological tests, by means of importing from other provinces.

Epidemiological investigation results of plague in Shanxi province

Objective To analyze the data collected from surveillance sites in Shanxi province in epidemiological investigations during 2004 - 2008 and understand the influence of such factors as rat density and vectorial quantities on plague epidemic intensity, thus provide some scientific basis for plague control and prevention. Methods To collect the data of surveillance during 2004 - 2008 in the 12 counties of plague surveillance by retrospective method. Sort and analyze the collected data according to the requirement of operational scheme for plague surveillance-calculate the rat density of spermophilus dauricus, meriones meridianus and the small rodents, and the flea index and the flea infection ratio of body flea, burrow track, cave. The results of serological tests were analyzed at the same time. Results As showed in the results, the mean density of spermophilus dauricus was 1.12 merely in each hectare, and that of meriones meridianus and small rodents were 7.42%(2130/28 700) and 8.03%(3886/48 400), respectively. The flea infection rate of spermophilus dauricus and meriones meridianas were 25.78% ( 1933/7497 ) and 44.19% (2028/4598), respectively;the flea index of spermophilus dauricus and meriones meridianus were 0.59 and 1.84, respectively. The number of nests excavated with flea for spermophilus dauricus was 70, and the numbers of nests and flea were 362 and 333, respectively. The flea infection rate was 19.34 % (70/362), and the flea index was 0.92. The number of nests excavated with flea for meriones meridianus was 34, and the numbers of nests and flea were 177 and 124, respectively. The flea infection rate was 19.21%(34/177), and the flea index was 0.70. The number of caves explored for spermophilus dauricus was 7171,and the number of burrows with flea was 62, so the flea infection rate was 0.86%(62/7171 ), and the flea index was 0.01. Conclusions With a relatively high density and large quantity and considering the epidemic features of animal plague in periphery provinces in recent years, plague may still happen and spread in Shanxi province diespite the negative results of all those serological tests, by means of importing from other provinces.