农村5岁以下儿童营养不良病例对照研究

目的：探讨我省农村5岁以下儿童营养不良的环境影响因素。方法：采取分层整群抽样的方法,于1998年在安徽省北方某县农村对5岁以下儿童进行体格检查,筛查出中、重度营养不良患儿180人,作1:1配对,进行病例对照研究。结果：对所调查的30项变量单因素分析表明,有23项两组差异有显著性,可分为家庭和社会因素、喂养及饮食因素、疾病因素三大类。经条件的Logistic分析,选入模型的有9个变量,母乳喂养、正确添加辅食时间、父亲的职业、家中的收音机、经常吃蔬菜、每周摄入鸡蛋的频率是营养不良的保护因素,而经常生病、两周内患腹泻琢其他疾病是营养不良的危险因素。结论：营养不良是多因素综合作用的结果,包括社会、家庭、经济、喂养、疾病等,因此必须采取综合措施才能有效控制儿童营养不良。

A Case-control Study on Malnutrition of Children Under Age 5 in Rnral of Anhui

Objective: To explore the risk factors of children s malnutrition under age 5 in rural. Methods: A 1:1 matched case-control study on malnutrition of children under age 5 was carried out in rural of a county in Anhui Province during May to August 1998 and 180 matched pairs children were investigated. Results: Single-factor analysis indicated that there were statistics significance of 23 among 30 variables ( P < 0.05 ) . The 23 factors can be summered three aspect of family and socials feeding and diet, diseases. A conditional logistic regression showed breast-feeding, time of adding supplemented food,father occupation, radio set,often eating vegetable and egg to be positive factors,however, disease,diarrhea in tow wages to be risk factors.Conclusion:Malnutrition results from multi-factors,such as family,social,economic,feeding,disease etc.So we should take comprehensive measures to reduce the occurrence of children malnutrition.