医院感染病原菌分布及耐药性研究

目的研究医院感染主要病原菌分布及耐药情况,为控制医院感染提供科学依据。方法采用细菌分离鉴定法和纸片扩散法,对医院感染病原菌进行了鉴定和抗生素敏感试验。结果临床分离91株医院感染菌株中,革兰阴性菌35株,占38.5%;革兰阳性菌33株,占36.2%;真菌23株,占25.3%。91株病原菌中,有59株来自内科,占64.8%;32株来自外科,占35.2%;神经内分泌科检出病原菌最多,其中真菌占36.4%、葡萄球菌占18.2%、铜绿假单胞菌占9.1%。91株医院感染菌株中,呼吸道占64.8%、泌尿道26.4%、伤口分泌物5.5%。91株感染菌株中,多数细菌耐药率在50%以上,部分耐药率超过90%;真菌对氟康唑耐药率为43.5%,对伊曲康唑耐药率达到65.2%。结论医院感染菌主要来自呼吸道,真菌占第1位,多数菌株对抗生素耐药。

STUDY ON THE DISTRIBUTION AND ANTIBIOTICS RESISTANCE OF NOSOCOMIAL INFECTION PATHOGENS

Objective To study the distribution and antibiotics resistance of nosocomial infection pathegens for better control of nosocomial infection.Methods Using pathogen identification and antibiotics sensitivity tests,all the strains isolated from patients diagnosed with nosocomial infection were tested.Results In 91 bacterial strains isolated from nosocomial infections patients,there were 33 strains Gram-positive(36.2%),35 strains Gramnegative(38.5%),and 23 strains fugal infection(25.3%) respectly;there were 59 strains isolated from internal medicine ward(64.8%) and 32 strains from surgery ward(35.2%).The biggest number of pathogen strains was from the nerve endocrine ward,36.4% fugal,18.2% Staphylococcus and 9.1% Pseudomonas aeruginosa.In the 91 nosocomial infections,64.8% occurred in the respiratory tract,26.4% in the urinary tract,5.5% in wound exudates.In these pathogens,more than 50% resistance rate was found against commonly used antibiotics,some strains showed more than 90% resistance rate.In the case of fugal,the resistance rate against fluconazole and itraconazole were 43.5% and 65.2% respectively.Conclusion The nosocomial pathogens was mainly from respiratory tract.The majority of these pathogens were antibiotics resistance.