396例住院患者痰培养细菌学分布及耐药性分析

目的研究住院患者痰培养细菌学分布及耐药性,为指导临床合理使用抗菌药物提供依据。方法采用常规细菌分离培养和鉴定技术以及药敏试验方法,对396例呼吸道感染患者痰标本进行了细菌学检验和耐药性分析。结果从396例患者痰标本中共分离病原菌92株,阳性率为23.23%。检出革兰阴性杆菌76株,占检出总数的62.8%;大肠埃希菌、铜绿假单胞菌和不动杆菌居前3位,构成比依次为32.2%、15.7%和9.1%。检出真菌29株,占24.0%,以白色念珠菌为主。检出革兰阳性球菌12株,占9.9%,主要为葡萄球菌。痰标本检出的革兰阴性杆菌对临床常用抗菌药物普遍耐药。结论呼吸道感染患者痰标本检出病原菌主要是革兰阴性杆菌,真菌检出率居第2位,临床感染病原菌普遍耐药。

ANALYSIS OF DISTRIBUTION AND DRUG RESISTANCE OF THE BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM SPUTUM CULTURE OF 396 IN-PATIENTS

Objective To study the distribution and drug resistance of the bacteria isolated from sputum specimens of inpatients in order to guide the rational application of antibacterial agents.Methods The conventional bacteria isolation and identification technology and drug susceptibility test were used to analyze pathogens and their drug resistance isolated from sputum specimens of 396 patients with respiratory infection.Results A total of 92 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected from sputum specimens of 396 patients and the positive rate was 23.23%.76 strains were gram negative bacillus and Escherichia coli,Pseudomonas aeruginesa and Acinetobacter were the top three and the proportion were 32.2%,15.7% and 9.1%,respectively.29 strains of fungus were detected which accounted for 24.0% and Candida albicans showed the highest proportion.12 strains of gram positive coccus were detected which accounted for 9.9% and Staphylococcus showed the highest proportion.Gram negative bacillus of sputum specimens were generally resistant to the commonly used antibacterial agents on the clinical.Conclusion Gram negative bacilli are predominant in the respiratory system infection while the fungus infection detection rate is the second.Clinical infection pathogens show commonly drug resistance.